Free resource · Cambridge IGCSE Business 0264
IGCSE Business 0264 past paper questions by topic (2022–2025)
Every question from the 56 papers of 2022–2025 — Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response), Paper 2 (Case Study) — sorted into the 23 chapters of our Business notes: 716 questions. Pick a chapter, then open the official paper and go straight to the question number. Questions on content that is no longer in the current syllabus are left out. Syllabus 0264 replaces 0450 from 2027, so these are 0450 papers, which are still the closest practice.
This page lists question references only. Download the question papers and mark schemes from the Cambridge International website or your school. Notes Bazar is independent and not endorsed by or affiliated with Cambridge University Press & Assessment. Topic labels are our own.
- Business Activity and Economic Sectors (19)
- Enterprise, Business Growth and Size (49)
- Types of Business Organisation (38)
- Business Objectives and Stakeholders (23)
- Human Resource Management (39)
- Organisation and Management (45)
- Methods of Communication (20)
- Motivating Employees (24)
- Marketing and the Market (36)
- Market Research (20)
- Marketing Mix: Product and Price (30)
- Marketing Mix: Place, Promotion and Legal Controls (43)
- Production and Technology (47)
- Sustainable Production and Quality (23)
- Costs, Scale of Production and Break-even (35)
- Location Decisions (20)
- Business Finance (35)
- Cash Flow Forecasts (15)
- Profit and Loss and the Statement of Financial Position (27)
- Analysis of Accounts (29)
- Economic Issues (32)
- Business and the International Economy (43)
- Environmental and Ethical Issues and Pressure Groups (24)
Chapter 1: Business Activity and Economic Sectors
19 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 17 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Meaning of secondary sector |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of tertiary sector |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Increasing added value |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of private sector |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Services in the tertiary sector |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Features of a private sector business |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Ways to increase added value |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of private sector |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of tertiary sector |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Increasing added value |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Added value and the secondary sector |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of public sector |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Changing importance of the primary sector |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of opportunity cost |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Ways to increase added value |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of primary sector |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Meaning of opportunity cost |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 2 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Increasing added value |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Ways to increase added value |
Chapter 2: Enterprise, Business Growth and Size
49 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 34 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Reasons a business stays small |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Ways to measure business size |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Takeover advantages against disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Entrepreneur and government start-up support |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Government support for start-ups |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Methods of external growth |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Why new businesses fail |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Entrepreneur characteristics |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Ways to measure business size |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Reasons a business stays small |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Government support for start-ups |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Meaning of entrepreneur and business plan |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Reasons a business stays small |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Entrepreneur traits and business plan help |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Internal versus external growth |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Reasons governments support start-ups |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d)–(e) | 12 | Business plan sections and entrepreneur traits |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Reasons for business growth |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c)–(d) | 10 | Entrepreneur traits and risk of failure |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Ways a business can grow |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Ways to measure business size |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Reasons a business stays small |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Business plan and reasons for expansion |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Government support for start-ups |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Entrepreneur characteristics |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Causes of business failure |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Benefits of taking over a competitor |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Limits of employee numbers as size measure |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Entrepreneur characteristics compared |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of entrepreneur |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Why new businesses fail |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Reasons for staying small |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Government grants for start-ups |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Benefits of a business plan to a start-up |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 15 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | How a business plan helps |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Why new businesses often fail |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Reasons a business stays small |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Characteristics of successful entrepreneurs |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Why governments support business start-ups |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Reasons for expanding |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Characteristics of successful entrepreneurs |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Problems of expansion |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Problems of business growth |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Comparing growth options using calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Reasons owners expand a business |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 | 20 | Government start-up support and business plan sections |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Ways a business can grow |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Ways to measure business size |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Comparing growth options using calculations |
Chapter 3: Types of Business Organisation
38 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 26 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of partnership |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of business partnership |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Sole trader advantages against disadvantages |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of sole trader |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Public limited company advantage and disadvantage |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Joint venture in a foreign market |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Franchise advantage and disadvantage |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of social enterprise |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of public limited company |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Suitability of sole trader status |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of unincorporated business |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Types of private sector organisation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Public limited company advantage and disadvantage |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Moving to private limited company |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Deciding on a business partner |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Sole trader versus partnership |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Disadvantages of being a sole trader |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Limited liability benefit to owners |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Advantages of buying a franchise |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Selling franchises as a growth method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Limited company versus unincorporated business |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of limited company |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of public limited company |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Suitability of partnership |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Advantages of private limited company |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Public versus private limited company |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Private limited company advantages and disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a type of business organisation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Changing from sole trader to limited company |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Franchise advantages and disadvantages |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a type of business organisation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Public limited company advantages and disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Public limited company advantages and disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Partnership compared with limited company |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Joint venture versus franchising |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Unincorporated versus limited company |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Sole trader advantages and disadvantages |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Advantages of becoming a partnership |
Chapter 4: Business Objectives and Stakeholders
23 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Objectives of a private sector business |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Importance of employees as stakeholders |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Types of stakeholder group |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Business objectives |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Social enterprise objectives |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Stakeholder group objectives |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Shareholder conflict with other stakeholders |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Importance of stakeholders to success |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Why business objectives change |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Objectives of a new business |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Stakeholder effects of expansion |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Why businesses set objectives |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Stakeholder conflict with profit objective |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Objectives of public sector organisations |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Why businesses need objectives |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Stakeholder group objectives |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 7 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Stakeholder group objectives |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Ranking business objectives |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Importance of business objectives |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Business objectives |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Business and social enterprise objectives |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Business objectives |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Business objectives |
Chapter 5: Human Resource Management
39 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 27 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Methods of training |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Meaning of job description |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d)–(e) | 12 | External job advertising and recruitment factors |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of dismissal |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d)–(e) | 12 | Training and external recruitment |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Advantages of internal recruitment |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Importance of training |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Legal minimum wage effects |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b)–(c) | 6 | Induction training and recruitment stages |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d)–(e) | 12 | Training and internal recruitment |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Off-the-job training benefit and limitation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Legal controls over employment |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Selecting a manager from applicants |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | External recruitment methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Legal controls over employment |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Off-the-job training in services |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Recruitment websites for large intake |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of job description |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Factors in choosing recruits |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Reasons for offering training |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of on-the-job training |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d)–(e) | 12 | Induction training and recruitment stages |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | External recruitment of skilled staff |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Off-the-job training meaning |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Interviews for selection |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Effects of working hours legislation |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Importance of employee training |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | On-the-job versus off-the-job training |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing between job applicants |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | External recruitment advantages and disadvantages |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Effects of employment legal controls |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Importance of training |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Internal recruitment advantages and disadvantages |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Legal controls benefiting employees |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a training method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a training method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing between manager candidates |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing the best job applicant |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of training on a business |
Chapter 6: Organisation and Management
45 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 28 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of trade union |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Advantages of delegating tasks |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 12 | Reducing the workforce and redundancy |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Functions of management |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Full-time employees benefits and limitations |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Features of a short hierarchy |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Benefits of part-time staff |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Leadership styles |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Advantage and disadvantage of trade unions |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Democratic leadership advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 8 | Span of control, autocracy, full-time staff |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | Laissez-faire style and manager roles |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 4 | Part-time staff and organisational structure |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of delegation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Functions of managers |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Wide span of control |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Employing part-time workers |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Benefits of full-time employees |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a)–(c) | 8 | Span of control, leadership, delegation |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Responsibilities of supervisors |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Autocratic leadership advantages and disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b)–(d) | 12 | Organisational structure, redundancy, democratic leadership |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Meaning of trade union |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Meaning of chain of command |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Advantages of delegation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Responsibilities of a director |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of delegation |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Benefits of part-time employees |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 17 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing which employee to make redundant |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefits of a short chain of command |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Functions of management |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Functions of management |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Effects of a short chain of command |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Part-time versus full-time employees |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Drawbacks of a tall structure |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Part-time workers benefits and limitations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Benefits of trade union membership |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a leadership style |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Delegation advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Leadership styles |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Responsibilities within management structure |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Benefits of trade union membership |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Democratic leadership advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Leadership styles |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Advantages and disadvantages of delegation |
Chapter 7: Methods of Communication
20 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Communicating with suppliers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Internal communication methods |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Email and telephone communication |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | IT-based communication methods |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Importance of internal communication |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Email as a communication method |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Telephone as communication method |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Barriers to communication |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Written communication methods |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Internal communication methods |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Importance of internal communication |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Overcoming communication barriers |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Factors in choosing communication method |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing between telephone and email |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a communication method |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Barriers to communication |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Barriers to communication |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a communication method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Factors in choosing communication method |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Methods of communicating with employees |
Chapter 8: Motivating Employees
24 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Financial rewards |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Job rotation as motivation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Hygiene factors and motivators |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Motivators in Herzberg theory |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Reasons people work |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of commission |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Non-financial motivation methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Hygiene factors in two-factor theory |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 10 | Benefits and methods of motivation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Levels in Maslow hierarchy |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Methods of motivating service employees |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Job enrichment versus profit sharing |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Reasons people work |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Applying Herzberg to motivation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Reasons for working and financial rewards |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Motivational theories named |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a motivation method |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Benefits of a motivated workforce |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a motivation method |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a motivation method |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Reasons for low labour turnover |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Benefits of a motivated workforce |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a motivation method |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Evaluating methods of motivation |
Chapter 9: Marketing and the Market
36 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 26 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Why markets become more competitive |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Building customer loyalty |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Why spending patterns change |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Benefits of market segmentation |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Advantages of a niche market |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Benefits of selling in a mass market |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Market share calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Advantages of customer loyalty |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of mass market |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 6 | Customer relationships and niche markets |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Why spending patterns change |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Income as a segmentation basis |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Ways of segmenting a market |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Responding to increased competition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Advantages of customer loyalty |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Benefits of market segmentation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Why markets become competitive |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of mass market |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Maintaining customer loyalty |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Ways of segmenting a market |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Selling to a mass market |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Ways of segmenting a market |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of market share |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of niche market |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Maintaining customer loyalty |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Responding to increased competition |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 10 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Niche market benefits and limitations |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Why customers choose one business over another |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Selling in a mass market |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefits of market segmentation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Why spending patterns change |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefits of market segmentation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Roles of marketing |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Effect of demand changes on revenue |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Roles of marketing |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Effects of changing consumer trends |
Chapter 10: Market Research
20 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 14 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Secondary research advantage and disadvantage |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Using market research in decisions |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Market research methods |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Secondary market research suitability |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Using market research charts for decisions |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Primary research advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Primary research methods |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Reasons for using market research |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Accuracy of market research |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Primary research methods |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Government data as research source |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Reasons for using sampling |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Primary versus secondary research |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Using market data to inform decisions |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Primary research advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | How market research helps a business |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Accuracy of market research methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a market research method |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Primary research methods |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Usefulness of chart data for decisions |
Chapter 11: Marketing Mix: Product and Price
30 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of brand image |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Pricing methods |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Pricing methods for a new business |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Benefits against limits of new products |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a)–(c) | 8 | Packaging, life cycle stages and pricing factors |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Ways to raise sales of a product |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Price skimming for new products |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Raising prices to increase profit |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Skimming pricing |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Benefits of a good brand image |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Importance of packaging |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | Brand image and new product development |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Life cycle stage and promotion decisions |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d)–(e) | 12 | Pricing at life cycle stages and packaging role |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Extension strategies for products |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Importance of brand image |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Competitive pricing meaning |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Suitability of competitive pricing |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Benefit and cost of new products |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Product life cycle and promotion decisions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Packaging decisions for a new product |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Roles of packaging |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a pricing method |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing an extension strategy |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Roles of packaging |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Judging a marketing mix for a new product |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefits and limits of developing new products |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a pricing method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Roles of packaging |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing which brand to drop |
Chapter 12: Marketing Mix: Place, Promotion and Legal Controls
43 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d)–(e) | 12 | Foreign market problems and promotion methods |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Threats of e-commerce |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Opportunities of e-commerce |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Aims of promotion |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Sales promotion for a new product |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Opportunities against threats of e-commerce |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Elements of the marketing mix |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Legal controls over marketing |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Retailers as distribution channel |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Advantages of social media promotion |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Sales promotion methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Social media advertising |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Wholesaler as distribution channel |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Selling direct to retailers |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Retailers as distribution channel |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Legal controls and marketing strategy |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Elements of the marketing mix |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Advertising in specialist magazines |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Legal controls and marketing strategy |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Threats of e-commerce |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Marketing budget meaning |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Threats of e-commerce |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Social media for promotion |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | E-commerce threats against opportunities |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 19 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a distribution channel |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Importance of marketing mix elements |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Benefits of social media promotion |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a promotion method |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Problems of entering a foreign market |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a sales channel |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Reasons for entering foreign markets |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a way to raise sales |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a promotion method |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | E-commerce opportunities and threats |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Comparing promotion methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a distribution option |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a promotion method |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Opportunity and threat of e-commerce |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Opportunities and threats of e-commerce |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a distribution channel |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Methods of advertising |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Using the internet to promote a business |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of new marketing and environmental legal controls |
Chapter 13: Production and Technology
47 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 31 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Effects of introducing new technology |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Specialisation advantage and disadvantage |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Methods of lean production |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Job production benefits |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Benefits of lean production |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of batch production |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c)–(d) | 10 | New technology and holding inventory |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Batch production suitability |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Benefits of flow production |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Inventory levels and batch production benefits |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Batch production suitability |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Holding high levels of inventory |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Flow production advantages versus disadvantages |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Limitations of flow production |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Problems of high inventory |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Benefits of specialisation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Specialisation and production methods |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Improving efficiency through labour skills |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Job production suitability |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Benefits of increased efficiency |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Deciding inventory levels |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Technology changing production methods |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Reasons for holding inventory |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Factors in choosing production method |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Methods of raising efficiency |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Market size and production method |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Advantages of batch production |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Suitability of flow production |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Features of batch production |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Advantages of just-in-time control |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Pros and cons of flow production |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Reasons for using job production |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a way to raise efficiency |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Centralised versus local purchasing of materials |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Advantage and disadvantage of holding inventory |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Batch production benefits and limitations |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Just-in-time advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Raising efficiency in production |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing between technology and more equipment |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Advantages of specialisation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Job production benefit and limitation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Centralised versus local purchasing of inventory |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Raising productivity through technology or training |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Flow production advantages and disadvantages |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Reasons for low inventory |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Achieving lean production methods |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefits of lean production |
Chapter 14: Sustainable Production and Quality
23 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 17 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of quality assurance |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Importance of maintaining quality |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Contributing to sustainable development |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Quality assurance advantage and disadvantage |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Importance of quality |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Contributing to sustainable development |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Quality assurance for quality production |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Contributing to sustainable development |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Sustainable development methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Quality control for quality production |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Advantages of quality assurance |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of quality control |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Meaning of quality control |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Quality control advantage and disadvantage |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Sustainable development in primary industry |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Quality assurance versus quality control |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Renewable energy and sustainable development |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Importance of high quality |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a way to be sustainable |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing quality control or assurance |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Quality control versus quality assurance |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Reasons quality matters |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Ways to achieve a high quality service |
Chapter 15: Costs, Scale of Production and Break-even
35 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 20 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | Break-even chart values and margin of safety |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 4 | Fixed costs and average cost |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Diseconomies of scale |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 4 | Average cost and total variable cost |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Diseconomies of scale |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Reading a break-even chart |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Ways to lower break-even output |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (a)–(c) | 8 | Diseconomies of scale, cost data, fixed costs |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Economies of scale |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 4 | Break-even output and margin of safety |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Break-even limits and profit calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Ways to lower break-even output |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Economies of scale |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Diseconomies of scale |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 6 | Break-even values and effect of price change |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Total variable cost calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Examples of fixed costs |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Margin of safety calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 6 | Break-even output and margin of safety |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Total cost concept and identification |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 15 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Ranking economies of scale |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a product using break-even calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a product using calculations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Deciding which product to drop using calculations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Choosing a product using break-even calculations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Benefits and limits of break-even analysis |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a product using cost and profit calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Uses of a break-even chart |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Comparing two options using calculations |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Comparing options using calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Diseconomies of scale |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Benefit and limitation of break-even chart |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing between options using calculations |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Economies of scale and profit |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing between revenue-raising options using calculations |
Chapter 16: Location Decisions
20 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Factors in choosing a factory location |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Employee access as a location factor |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Legal controls over location |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Factors when relocating abroad |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Location factors when relocating |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Relocating a factory abroad |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Location factors for a retail outlet |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Factors when deciding which outlets to close |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Location factors for a new factory |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Legal controls in choosing a country |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Location factors for a service business |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Importance of labour in location choice |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Location factors for a service business |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 7 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Most important location factor |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing between possible locations |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing between two locations |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing between two countries |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a country for new outlets |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing between possible factory locations |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing between two locations |
Chapter 17: Business Finance
35 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Factors in choosing a source of finance |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Retained profit for expansion |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Bank loan as start-up capital |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Advantages of external finance |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Sources of finance for expansion |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of working capital |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Microfinance advantage and disadvantage |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Short-term and long-term finance needs |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Crowdfunding for a start-up |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c)–(d) | 10 | Short and long-term finance, non-current liabilities |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Factors in choosing finance |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Factors influencing choice of finance |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Owner savings as start-up finance |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of working capital |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Crowdfunding advantage and disadvantage |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Sources of finance for vehicles |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of retained profit |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Importance of working capital |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Debt versus equity finance |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Choosing a source of finance for growth |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Importance of working capital |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c)–(d) | 10 | Internal finance and high debt problems |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Sources of start-up capital |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Leasing as a source of finance |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Importance of working capital |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Choosing a short-term finance source |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Bank loan advantages and disadvantages |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 8 | External sources of finance |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Reasons a business needs finance |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Factors in choosing finance |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a start-up source of finance |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Retained profit as a source of finance |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 8 | Factors in choosing finance for expansion |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Short-term and long-term finance needs |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Choosing a source of finance |
Chapter 18: Cash Flow Forecasts
15 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Cash-flow forecast and importance of cash |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Overcoming a short-term cash-flow problem |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 6 | Forecast values and uses of forecasts |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Cash-flow forecast missing values |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Causes of cash-flow problems |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Cash inflows and outflows |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Uses of a cash-flow forecast |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 8 | Cash-flow problems, forecast values and inflows |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 12 | Cash-flow forecast values, importance and remedies |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Importance of cash |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Difference between profit and cash |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 4 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Cash inflows and outflows in a forecast |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Importance of preparing a cash-flow forecast |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Causes of cash-flow problems |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Ways to improve cash flow |
Chapter 19: Profit and Loss and the Statement of Financial Position
27 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Items in a statement of financial position |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Expenses calculation from accounts |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Reasons profit is important |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 8 | Profit, expenses and falling gross profit |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of capital employed |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of non-current assets |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Classifying current assets and liabilities |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Uses of a statement of financial position |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Working capital calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Non-current assets and liabilities |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of profit |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Profit compared with cash flow |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Average daily revenue calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Why profit is important |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of current liabilities |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Meaning of current assets |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of non-current assets |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Meaning of statement of financial position |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of revenue |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Current liabilities calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a)–(c) | 8 | Equity, statements and current items in accounts |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Current liabilities and non-current assets |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Revenue and working capital from accounts |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Why profit matters |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Why profit is important |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Reasons profit is important |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Judging reliability of forecast profit figures |
Chapter 20: Analysis of Accounts
29 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 18 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Uses of financial data by managers |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Profit margin calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Return on capital employed calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Current ratio calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | External users of accounts |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Return on capital employed and profit margin |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | External users of accounts |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Current ratio calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | External users and profitability ratios |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Return on capital employed calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Reducing variable costs to improve profit |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Acid test ratio calculation |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Stakeholder interest in financial statements |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Effects of changing ratios |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Profit margin calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | How stakeholders use accounts |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Importance of liquidity |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Gross profit margin calculation |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Stakeholder use of financial information |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Assessing financial position for investment |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Choosing a takeover target using ratios |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Importance of profitability and liquidity ratios |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Comparing performance with a competitor |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Forecasting financial performance from income statements |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Usefulness of financial data to different groups |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Assessing financial performance with ratios |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Financial statements and stakeholder usefulness |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Comparing financial position using ratios |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Assessing financial position using ratios |
Chapter 21: Economic Issues
32 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Effects of a recession |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Effects of lower interest rates |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Effects of economic growth |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Effects of an economic boom |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Effects of an economic recession |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of inflation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Benefits of lower taxation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Effects of interest rate increase |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Characteristics of a recession |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Benefits of low unemployment |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Stages of the business cycle |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of inflation |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Effects of interest rate rise on business |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Effects of higher taxation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of recession |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Effects of higher government spending |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Stages of the business cycle |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Effects of inflation on a business |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Effects of falling unemployment |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Effects of higher taxes |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Stages of the business cycle |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of income tax and profit tax |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of the recession stage |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of government economic report |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Effects of tax cut and interest rate rise |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 12 | Effects of interest rate and tax changes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Effects of an economic slump |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of rising unemployment |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 12 | Effects of a recession |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Effects of economic changes on profit |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of rising inflation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of lower interest rates |
Chapter 22: Business and the International Economy
43 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 32 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Meaning of import tariff |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Benefits of a multinational to host country |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Reasons for importing raw materials |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Exchange rate effects on importers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Reasons for globalisation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 (c)–(d) | 10 | External costs and globalisation opportunities |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of external benefits |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Benefits of being a multinational |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Benefits of becoming a multinational |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of external costs |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (d) | 6 | Multinational benefit and drawback to host country |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (b) | 2 | Meaning of import tariff |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Effects of exchange rate depreciation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Advantages of being a multinational |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (c) | 4 | External cost and benefit |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of import quota |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Reasons for globalisation |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Advantages of being a multinational |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Reasons for importing materials |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Benefits and drawbacks of multinationals |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of import quota |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Drawbacks of multinationals to host country |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Opportunity and threat of globalisation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Meaning of import tariff |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Effects of quotas and exchange rates |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (d) | 6 | External cost and benefit |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Effects of import tariffs on manufacturers |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of globalisation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Opportunities of globalisation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Meaning of external cost |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Benefits of multinationals to host country |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Reasons for globalisation and exchange rate depreciation |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Benefits and drawbacks to a host country |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Threats against opportunities of globalisation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Effects of becoming a multinational on stakeholders |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 8 | Effects of exchange rate appreciation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Benefits of becoming a multinational |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Effects of currency and tariff changes |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Effects of exchange rate depreciation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Reasons for becoming a multinational |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | External benefits and costs of factories |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 12 | Opportunities and threats of globalisation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Benefits and drawbacks of a foreign factory |
Chapter 23: Environmental and Ethical Issues and Pressure Groups
24 past-paper questions
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Paper 1 (Short Answer and Structured Response): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Acting ethically towards stakeholders |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | Environmental effects and pressures |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Acting ethically towards stakeholders |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Pressure group methods |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Advantages of being ethical |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 (e) | 6 | Ethical behaviour and profit |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 (e) | 6 | Pressure group tactics |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Environmental legal controls effects |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Pressure groups and environmental legal controls |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Benefit and limit of being ethical |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Business impact on environment |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Reasons to respond to environmental pressure |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Responding to environmental pressures |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 (b) | 2 | How pressure groups influence business |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Importance of ethical behaviour |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Ways to be more ethical |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (d) | 6 | How pressure groups influence decisions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 (e) | 6 | Ethical behaviour and profit |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Responding to environmental pressures |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Effects of environmental legal controls |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Meaning of pressure group |
Paper 2 (Case Study): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Prioritising environmental issues |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Ranking ethical issues |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 12 | Improving a business ethical image |
Revise the chapter before you practise. Our IGCSE Business 0264 notes cover every syllabus statement with worked examples, common mistakes from examiner reports, 20 MCQs per chapter and original exam-style questions with full mark schemes.
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