Free resource · Cambridge AS & A Level Chemistry 9701
AS & A Level Chemistry 9701 past paper questions by topic (2022–2025)
Every question from the 84 papers of 2022–2025 — Paper 1 (Multiple Choice), Paper 2 (AS Level Structured), Paper 4 (A Level Structured) — sorted into the 37 chapters of our Chemistry notes: 1,953 questions. Pick a chapter, then open the official paper and go straight to the question number. Questions on content that is no longer in the current syllabus are left out.
This page lists question references only. Download the question papers and mark schemes from the Cambridge International website or your school. Notes Bazar is independent and not endorsed by or affiliated with Cambridge University Press & Assessment. Topic labels are our own.
- Atomic Structure (90)
- Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry (76)
- Chemical Bonding (96)
- States of Matter (48)
- Chemical Energetics (73)
- Electrochemistry (77)
- Equilibria (83)
- Reaction Kinetics (54)
- The Periodic Table: Chemical Periodicity (107)
- Group 2 (75)
- Group 17 (77)
- Nitrogen and Sulfur (64)
- An Introduction to AS Level Organic Chemistry (99)
- Hydrocarbons (89)
- Halogen Compounds (68)
- Hydroxy Compounds (63)
- Carbonyl Compounds (84)
- Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives (78)
- Nitrogen Compounds (19)
- Polymerisation (27)
- Organic Synthesis (11)
- Analytical Techniques (45)
- Chemical Energetics (A Level) (38)
- Electrochemistry (A Level) (32)
- Equilibria (A Level) (39)
- Reaction Kinetics (A Level) (31)
- Group 2 (A Level) (28)
- Chemistry of Transition Elements (60)
- An Introduction to A Level Organic Chemistry (31)
- Hydrocarbons (A Level) (35)
- Halogen Compounds (A Level) (9)
- Hydroxy Compounds (A Level) (14)
- Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives (A Level) (28)
- Nitrogen Compounds (A Level) (46)
- Polymerisation (A Level) (12)
- Organic Synthesis (A Level) (8)
- Analytical Techniques (A Level) (39)
Chapter 1: Atomic Structure
90 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 63 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Electronic configuration of an ion | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Identifying elements from ionisation energies | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Electrons in boxes for an iron ion | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Equation for first ionisation energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Period 3 elements from orbitals and ionisation energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Comparing atomic and ionic radii | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Electronic configuration of an ion | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Identifying elements from ionisation energies | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Outer configuration from successive ionisation energies | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Properties of a 3p orbital | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Neutron count from mass number | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Deflection of charged particles in electric field | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Electrons in s orbitals of an atom | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Second ionisation energy comparison | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Ordering sizes of atoms and ions | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Group identification from successive ionisation energies | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Nucleon number of an ion | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Identifying element from orbital occupancy | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Species with different electron count | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Why helium has higher ionisation energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Identifying element from orbital occupancy | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Identifying elements from ionisation energy patterns | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Subatomic particles in an ion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Matching ionisation energy graphs to elements | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Identifying free radicals by electron count | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Subatomic particle totals for an ion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Ionisation energy and sub-shell of electron removed | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Matching neutrons and electrons across species | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Comparing successive ionisation energies | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Radii of isoelectronic ions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Electron counts in ions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Reading ionisation energy graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Identifying elements from ionisation energy trends | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Particle with given protons, neutrons, electrons | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Explaining difference in second ionisation energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Electron counts in ions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Reading ionisation energy graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Identifying elements from ionisation energy trends | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Comparing atoms from proton numbers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Atomic radius and ionisation energy statements | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Identifying Period 3 element from ionisation energies | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Mass spectrometry ions and electron configuration | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Free radical species by electron count | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Ionisation energy comparisons | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Neutron count across isotopes | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Ionisation energies of metal versus noble gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Electron arrangement in carbon atom | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Largest jump in successive ionisation energies | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Relative sizes of ions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Explaining ionisation energy across Period 3 | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Species with different numbers of particles | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Electron arrangement in carbon atom | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Largest jump in successive ionisation energies | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Relative sizes of ions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Orbital shape and quantum shell of outer electron | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Isoelectronic species by electron count | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Equation for second ionisation energy | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Electron pairing in ground state atoms | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Comparing ionic radii of isoelectronic-like ions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Unpaired electrons in ground state atoms | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Comparing ionic radii | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Trends in first ionisation energy down groups | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Electronic configuration of a cation |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 27 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 6 | Isotopes and electron configuration of chromium |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 6 | Atomic structure of manganese |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 6 | Isotopes and electron configuration of chromium |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 | 11 | Isotopes, mass spectrum and ionisation energy |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 | 10 | Isotopes, relative atomic mass and ion structure |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 | 10 | Electronic configuration and ionisation energy trends |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 11 | Ionic radius, ionisation energies, isotopes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a)–(c) | 10 | Electron configuration, isotopes and relative atomic mass |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Successive ionisation energy pattern |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 | 9 | Ground state configuration and isotopes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Successive ionisation energy equations |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a)–(c) | 10 | Electron configuration, isotopes and relative atomic mass |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Successive ionisation energy pattern |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 5 | Ions, subatomic particles and ionic radius |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 1 | Electron configuration of an iron ion |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 10 | Electron configuration, ionisation energy and ionic radius |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 10 | Electron configuration, ionisation energy and ionic radius |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a)–(d) | 9 | Atomic structure and ionisation energies of tellurium |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b) | 3 | Relative atomic mass from isotope data |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (c) | 3 | Ionisation energy equation and electron configuration |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 | 10 | Isotopes, particle counts and electron configuration |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 3 | Protons and electrons in molecular ions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 | 10 | Isotopes, particle counts and electron configuration |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 1 | Highest occupied orbital of calcium |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (d)–(e) | 7 | Atomic structure and isotopic abundances |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q1 | 13 | Ionisation energy, successive values and atomic structure |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 | 9 | Ionisation energy trends and successive ionisation data |
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry
76 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 68 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Counting atoms from moles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Limiting reagent and gas volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Balancing oxide equations | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Isotopic abundance from relative atomic mass | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Correct relative mass terms | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Counting atoms from moles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Limiting reagent and gas volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Balancing oxide equations | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Isotopic abundance from relative atomic mass | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Molecular formula from composition and properties | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Concentration from titration of a dissolved salt | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Water of crystallisation from mass loss | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Empirical formula and Mr from skeletal structures | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Concentration of peroxide from gas volume | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Titration of washing powder | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Limiting reagent and reacting masses | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Gas volume and solution volume calculation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Water of crystallisation from mass loss | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Comparing numbers of particles in samples | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Combustion stoichiometry of a hydrocarbon | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Methane yield from carbide hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Water of crystallisation from mass loss | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Comparing numbers of particles in samples | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Combustion stoichiometry of a hydrocarbon | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Dilution and amount of solute | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Gas volume from combustion of hydrocarbon mixture | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Isotopic abundance from relative atomic mass | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Writing correct ionic formulae | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Number of molecules from mass | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Purity and metal identity from titration data | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Equal numbers of atoms in gas samples | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Percentage composition of a sodium compound | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Gas volume from combustion of sulfur | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Balancing a hydrolysis equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Water of crystallisation from composition | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Formula of an ion from product formula | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Empirical formula from skeletal structure | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Gas volume from carbonate and acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Final gas volume after combustion | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Balancing a hydrolysis equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Water of crystallisation from composition | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Formula of an ion from product formula | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Empirical formula from skeletal structure | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Correct use of relative mass terms | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Gas volume from limiting reagent | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Oxygen stoichiometry in combustion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Moles of products from combustion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Carbon dioxide yield from carbonates | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Percentage purity from titration | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Acid-base mole ratios for water formed | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Water of crystallisation from mass loss | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Comparing amounts of particles across samples | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Oxygen needed for combustion of mixture | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Identifying carbonate from gas volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Mass of reactant from equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Mixture composition from acid quantity | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Comparing amounts of particles across samples | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Oxygen needed for combustion of mixture | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Identifying carbonate from gas volume | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Gas yield from limiting reagent | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Comparing mass of iodine in salts | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Hydrocarbon formula from combustion products | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Mass percentage of iodine from precipitate | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Oxygen stoichiometry for incomplete combustion | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Empirical formula from skeletal structure | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Relative atomic mass from isotope abundances | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Empirical formula from combustion data | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Moles, formulae and molecules statements |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 1 | Definition of empirical formula |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 1 | Definition of empirical formula |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 1 | Empirical formula of a vitamin |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q5 (a) | 1 | Empirical formula of vitamin |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (f) | 3 | Salt preparation and hydrated product |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (d) | 3 | Formula and Mr of hydrated mineral |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Molecular formula from percentage composition |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 (b) | 1 | Empirical formula from mass percentages |
Chapter 3: Chemical Bonding
96 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 64 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Metallic bonding strength and melting point | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Dative and sigma bond count in ionic compound | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Hybridisation and bonding in nitrogen molecule | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Ordering bond angles in a molecule | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Metallic bonding strength and melting point | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Dative and sigma bond count in ionic compound | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Ionic lattice structure of sodium chloride | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Species sharing shape and bond count | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Structure and bonding explain melting and boiling points | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Ordering bond angles of small molecules | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Bond angle changes forming dative bond | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Bond angles in a heterocyclic molecule | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Counting pi bonds in small molecules | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Dative bonding of phosphine with proton | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Lone pairs and charge from bond angle | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Intermolecular forces in interhalogen compound | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Properties associated with bonding types | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Dative bonding of phosphine with proton | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Bonding in a dimeric chloride | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Shape of sulfur dioxide | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Hydrogen bonding and boiling point trend | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Bond angle in ammonium ion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Shape from bonding and lone pairs | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Species with incomplete outer shell | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Boiling point order and intermolecular forces | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Shapes from lone pairs in fluorides | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Shape and pi electrons in borazole | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Bonding pairs in aluminium chloride species | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Hydrogen bonding explaining physical state | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Structure of vapour of aluminium chloride | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Shapes of ion and molecule | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Boiling point difference in isoelectronic molecules | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Dipole moment and bonding change forming ammonium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Shapes of boron species | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Intermolecular forces explain halogen melting point | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Structure of vapour of aluminium chloride | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Shapes of ion and molecule | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Boiling point difference in isoelectronic molecules | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Metallic bonding strength and melting point | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Coordination number in ionic lattice | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Bond angles in an amino acid | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Boiling points of interhalogen molecules | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Bonding and shape of nitrosyl chloride | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Molecular shapes and electron pairs | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Shape and bond angle of ammonium ion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Molecular shape or polarity diagrams | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Matching valence electron counts | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Species with a lone pair of electrons | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Bonding and structure of aluminium chloride | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Hydrogen bonding in water | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Bonding and lone-pair electrons in molecules | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Dative bonding and structure in adduct | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Bond angle from dot-and-cross diagram | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Bonding and lone-pair electrons in molecules | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Linear arrangement of atoms in structures | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Boiling point comparison and intermolecular forces | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Hydrogen bonding in group hydrides | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Smallest electronegativity difference in compounds | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Bond angle from VSEPR in hydrazine | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Molecular polarity and dipole moment | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Dot-and-cross diagram of a dimeric chloride | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Boiling point trend and intermolecular forces | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Electronegativity difference and bond type | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Electron count and bond angle in ammonium |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 31 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Bonding type in metal and ionic oxide |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Shape and bond angle of sulfur dioxide |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Definition of metallic bonding |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Boiling point trend in hydrides |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Boiling point trend in hydrides |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (f) | 3 | Triple bond orbital overlap |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Boiling point trend in hydrides |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Dot-and-cross diagram of covalent chloride |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q5 (a) | 1 | Definition of covalent bond |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (c) | 1 | Metallic bonding in sodium |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 2 | Dot-and-cross diagram of thiocyanate |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Ionic, covalent and dative bonding in ammonium chloride |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 1 | Metallic bonding diagram |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Shapes of phosphorus chloride species |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 5 | Dot-and-cross and sigma-pi bonding in a fluoride |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (e) | 2 | Octahedral shape and bond angles |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 | 12 | Bonding types, electronegativity and hydrogen bonding |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Metallic lattice and bonding diagram |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 6 | Electronegativity and bonding in simple compounds |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (e) | 5 | Molecular polarity and gas behaviour |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Metallic bonding and conductivity |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Metallic bonding diagram |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Van der Waals forces and physical properties |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Ionic versus covalent bond attraction |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Dative bonding in aluminium chloride dimer |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (f) | 4 | Bonding in metal and trichloride |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Metallic bonding diagram |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Van der Waals forces and physical properties |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Triple bond orbital overlap in nitrogen |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Metallic bonding explaining properties |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 2 | Lattice type and dot-and-cross of ionic halide |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 1 question
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (d) | 1 | Shape around sulfur atom |
Chapter 4: States of Matter
48 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 41 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Pressure of gas from ideal gas equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Mr from gas density | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Pressure of gas from ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Identifying substance by structure and conductivity | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Final pressure of mixed gases | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Intermolecular forces across states of water | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Moles of gas from ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Bonds broken on melting | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Mr from gas volume using pV = nRT | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Identifying substances by structure and properties | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Structure and properties of allotropes | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Identifying simple molecular lattice | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Gas pressures in connected vessels | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Gas volume from ideal gas equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Structure and properties of allotropes | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Identifying simple molecular lattice | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Gas pressures in connected vessels | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Gas density from ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Gas volume from ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Relative molecular mass of volatile liquid | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Deducing structure type from properties | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Identifying giant covalent structure from properties | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Identifying gas from ideal gas data | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Molecular formula of sulfur vapour | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Coordination in solid silicon dioxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Identifying gas from ideal gas data | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Mass of gas from ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Concentration of dissolved gas from gas law | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Melting point of fullerene versus graphite | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Conditions for ideal gas behaviour | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Properties of giant covalent solid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Conductivity patterns identify bonding type | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Conditions for ideal gas behaviour | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Graph of pressure against volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Properties of giant covalent solid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Conductivity patterns identify bonding type | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Gas pressure from explosive reaction | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Real gas deviation from ideality | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Identifying gas using ideal gas equation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Classifying simple molecular structures | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Gas amount using ideal gas equation |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 7 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Lattice structures of carbon allotropes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d)–(e) | 3 | Standard state properties and lattice type |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (d) | 2 | Giant covalent lattice of boron nitride |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Structure and formula of boron carbide |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Gas volume from ideal gas equation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Gas volume from ideal gas equation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d) | 3 | Mr of chloride from gas law data |
Chapter 5: Chemical Energetics
73 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 56 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q7 | Enthalpy of neutralisation of weak acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Energy released per gram of fuel | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Heat absorbed by water in calorimetry | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Enthalpy of neutralisation of weak acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Energy released per gram of fuel | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Expression for enthalpy of reaction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Enthalpy of neutralisation from temperature rise | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Enthalpy of formation from combustion data | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Enthalpy profile for exothermic reaction with barrier | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Enthalpy change from formation data | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Statement about standard enthalpy change | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Enthalpy of neutralisation from temperature rise | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Enthalpy change from combustion data | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Bond energies in exothermic gaseous reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Enthalpy of formation from combustion data | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Signs of enthalpy changes in processes | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Identifying a formation enthalpy equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Reaction enthalpy from formation data | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Enthalpy of formation from combustion data | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Signs of enthalpy changes in processes | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Energy cycle and enthalpy values | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Reaction pathway diagram for endothermic change | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Bond energy from reaction enthalpy | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Equation for standard enthalpy of formation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Enthalpy of combustion experiment calculation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Energy profile for endothermic gas reaction | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Reaction enthalpy from several data types | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Defining standard enthalpy of formation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Statements about types of enthalpy change | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Definition of enthalpy of neutralisation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Enthalpy changes in nitric acid manufacture | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Statements about types of enthalpy change | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Definition of enthalpy of neutralisation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Enthalpy change from enthalpies of formation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Enthalpy of neutralisation calculation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Enthalpy change using formation data | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Defining enthalpy of formation of water | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Temperature change in neutralisation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Enthalpy change from bond energies | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Defining a standard enthalpy change of reaction | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Bond energies and isotope comparisons | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Enthalpy of formation and reaction statements | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Enthalpy of neutralisation calculation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Reaction pathway statements | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Identifying exothermic and endothermic changes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Enthalpy from formation and atomisation data | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Enthalpy of formation and reaction statements | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Enthalpy of neutralisation calculation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Expression for enthalpy of formation or combustion | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Enthalpy of neutralisation from reaction profile | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Enthalpy change from enthalpies of formation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Comparing temperature rise in neutralisation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Defining average bond energy | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Enthalpy change of carbonate decomposition | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Reaction enthalpy from combustion data | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Energy profile of an endothermic reaction |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 15 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Enthalpy cycle for cycloalkane reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Enthalpy cycle for cycloalkane reactions |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Enthalpy from bond energies |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 1 | Enthalpy of formation from reaction enthalpy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 | 6 | Enthalpy of formation and reaction enthalpy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 8 | Reaction pathway diagram and calorimetry |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 4 | Enthalpy of formation and reaction enthalpy |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (e) | 4 | Enthalpy change from formation data |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 6 | Enthalpy from thermodynamic data |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (e) | 4 | Enthalpy change from formation data |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 | 9 | Enthalpy of neutralisation experiment |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Enthalpy from bond energies |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 | 8 | Enthalpy of neutralisation experiment |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Enthalpy from bond energies |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 9 | Bond energies and enthalpy of decomposition |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 2 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (b) | 1 | Enthalpy from bond energies |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (b) | 1 | Enthalpy from bond energies |
Chapter 6: Electrochemistry
77 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 48 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Balancing redox of sulfite with metals | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Hydrogen acting as oxidising agent | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Redox of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Chemical reaction in a heat pad | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Highest average oxidation number of sulfur | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q9 | Balancing redox of sulfite with metals | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q10 | Hydrogen acting as oxidising agent | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Balancing redox for interhalogen hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Mixed oxidation states in a lead oxide | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Redox stoichiometry for a chromium compound | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Disproportionation and oxidation number of chlorine | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Oxidation state of nitrogen oxide product | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Balancing manganate and sulfite redox | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Redox role of hydrogen peroxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Balancing thiosulfate and vanadium redox | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Balancing manganate and sulfite redox | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Oxidation in industrial chromate manufacture | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Redox stoichiometry in oxygen preparation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Redox and disproportionation of nitrogen dioxide | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Balancing redox with oxidation numbers | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Largest oxidation number change of chlorine | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Disproportionation of a nitrogen acid | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Redox in lead-acid battery reaction | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Balancing permanganate redox equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Oxide of nitrogen from redox stoichiometry | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Oxidation state change of copper | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Mole ratio in disproportionation of oxide | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Redox in hydride hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Redox stoichiometry with vanadium | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Balancing manganate and iodide redox | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Using electronegativity to assign oxidation numbers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Matching oxidation state of nitrogen | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Identifying disproportionation among nitrogen reactions | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Oxidation states in a mixed-valence ore | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Redox in a high temperature displacement | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Oxidation number change in nitrification | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Balanced redox equation for dichromate and peroxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Redox stoichiometry with vanadium and zinc | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Meaning of oxidation number in a name | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Oxidation number change in nitrification | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Balanced redox equation for dichromate and peroxide | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Identifying nitrogen oxide from redox stoichiometry | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Oxygen stoichiometry from oxidation number change | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Redox roles in hydrolysis of a nitrogen halide | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Ordering oxidation numbers of vanadium species | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Redox roles in ammonium nitrate decomposition | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Iodometric titration stoichiometry | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Balancing redox equation from half-equations |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (c) | 6 | Redox half-equations for dichromate with methanal |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Redox half-equations with manganese dioxide |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (c) | 6 | Redox half-equations for dichromate with methanal |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 6 | Redox titration with iodine |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q5 (b) | 4 | Titration to find vitamin amount |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Oxidation numbers in a metal nitride |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b)–(e) | 15 | Redox chemistry of a Group 15 metal compound |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 1 | Definition of oxidising agent |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (c) | 1 | Disproportionation of chlorate |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 1 | Definition of oxidising agent |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 1 | Disproportionation of chlorate |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (d) | 3 | Copper(II) and iodide redox reaction |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b) | 7 | Oxidation numbers in metal oxide and nitride |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (f) | 5 | Redox titration of vanadium compound |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (f) | 5 | Redox titration of vanadium compound |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (d) | 5 | Permanganate titration of iron tablets |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (c) | 6 | Redox titration with permanganate for hydrated salt |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 5 | Redox titration of chromium compound |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (b) | 3 | Redox titration with permanganate and nitrite |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 (d) | 5 | Iodometric titration of copper alloy |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 3 | Permanganate titration of ethanedioate |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (d) | 5 | Iodometric titration of copper alloy |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Redox titration of sulfite |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Redox titration of a vanadium species |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (d) | 3 | Redox titration of iron(II) |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (d) | 3 | Permanganate titration of complex salt |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 (d) | 3 | Redox titration of iron(II) |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 6 | Redox of iodide with peroxide, solvent extraction |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Redox titration of copper with iodide and thiosulfate |
Chapter 7: Equilibria
83 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 60 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Equilibrium constant and concentrations | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Titration curve of acid and alkali | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Reversible reaction in photochromic glass | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Esterification equilibrium and catalyst statements | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Equilibrium response to concentration change | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Statements on Contact and Haber processes | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Equilibrium constant and concentrations | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Titration curve of acid and alkali | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Reversible reaction in photochromic glass | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Esterification equilibrium and catalyst statements | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Common ion effect on weak acid | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q10 | Equilibrium response to changing conditions | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Bronsted-Lowry roles in ammonium reaction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Equilibrium response in Contact process | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Catalyst and mole ratio in Haber process | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Equilibrium constant from concentrations | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Equilibrium constant for esterification | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q10 | Increasing equilibrium yield of methanol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Equilibrium constant calculation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Effect of added compound on solubility equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Equilibrium composition of hydrogen iodide | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Equilibrium constant calculation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Equilibrium composition for esterification | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Temperature and pressure effects on ammonia equilibrium | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Comparing yield and rate in Haber process | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Equilibrium constant with no units | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Conditions for highest equilibrium yield | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Partial pressure and Kp for dissociation | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Equilibrium composition and Kp | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Effect of inert gas on equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Conditions favouring dimer formation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Kp from mole fraction | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Partial pressure and mole fraction in gas mixture | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Equilibrium composition and Kc | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Compression effect on gas equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q12 | Conditions favouring dimer formation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Kp from mole fraction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q4 | Equilibria where Kc and Kp lack units | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q8 | Contact process pressure and catalyst | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Pressure effect on equilibrium yield | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Equilibrium decomposition of hydrogen iodide | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Shifting equilibrium and changing Kc | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Titration curve for acid and base | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Kp from partial pressures | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Shifting equilibrium and K with temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Shifting equilibrium by temperature and pressure | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Kp calculation for ethene hydration | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q8 | Kc from dimer equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Effect of changing conditions on Haber process | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q13 | Shifting equilibrium by temperature and pressure | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Kp calculation for ethene hydration | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q13 | Equilibrium constants for competing esterifications | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Temperature and catalyst effects on Contact yield | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Conditions maximising equilibrium yield | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Equilibrium amounts for hydrogen and iodine | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Effect of temperature on forward and reverse reactions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q13 | General statements on acids and bases | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Equilibrium concentration from Kc | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Effect of temperature on equilibrium and K | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q13 | Identifying Bronsted-Lowry acids in reactions |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 17 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Dynamic equilibrium and effect of conditions |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (e) | 6 | Equilibrium with sulfur chlorides |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Dynamic equilibrium and effect of conditions |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 4 | Le Chatelier principle and pressure effect on yield |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 | 9 | Le Chatelier principle and equilibrium calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 9 | Dynamic equilibrium and Kc calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 9 | Haber process equilibrium and Kp |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Equilibrium and catalyst in Haber process |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 6 | Equilibrium rates, position and Kp |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Pressure effect on equilibrium amount |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b)–(c) | 7 | Equilibrium calculation and temperature effect on Kc |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 6 | Equilibrium conditions for an industrial reaction |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Bronsted-Lowry acid and ammonium reaction |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (d) | 5 | Acid-base titration pH profile |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 6 | Dynamic equilibrium and Kp calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 1 | Effect of pressure on Kp |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 5 | Strong acid definition and titration |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Conjugate acid-base pair |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Acid-base reaction and conjugate pairs |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 (a) | 6 | Conjugate acid-base pair |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a) | 6 | Conjugate acid-base pair |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 2 | Conjugate acid-base pairs and equilibrium |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Conjugate acid-base pairs |
Chapter 8: Reaction Kinetics
54 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 46 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q14 | Average rate of peroxide decomposition | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Reaction pathway for two-step endothermic reaction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q2 | Interpreting gas volume–time data for rate | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Effect of catalyst on rate curve | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Boltzmann curves with changed temperature and activation energy | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Rate of gas evolution from peroxide decomposition | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Reaction pathway and concentration-time graph | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q7 | Boltzmann curves at two temperatures | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q1 | Boltzmann distribution and activation energy | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q9 | Rate of decomposition from gas volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Rate measurement by colorimetry | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Meaning of points on Boltzmann curve | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Effect of pressure on gas reaction rate | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Boltzmann curves with catalyst and temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Rate measurement by colorimetry | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Meaning of points on Boltzmann curve | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Boltzmann distribution and catalyst absence | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Boltzmann curve and effect of catalyst | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Boltzmann curves and activation energies | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Rate comparison of metal-acid experiments | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q14 | Initial rate with different acid concentrations | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Activation energy of reverse reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Catalysed decomposition gas volume data | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q14 | Initial rate with different acid concentrations | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Activation energy of reverse reaction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Effect of concentration on initial rate | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Effect of temperature on gas energy distribution | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Comparing rates of similar reactions | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Boltzmann distribution with fixed temperature | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Concentration-time graph for exothermic reaction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Activation energy of forward and backward reaction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Boltzmann curve and temperature effect | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q2 | Boltzmann curve and activation energy | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q3 | Rate comparison under varied conditions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Rate curves for exothermic metal-acid reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Boltzmann distribution on raising temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q7 | Effect of catalyst on rate and equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Rate curves for exothermic metal-acid reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Boltzmann distribution on raising temperature | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q15 | Boltzmann distribution after temperature drop | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Surface catalysis of decomposition and rate graph | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q15 | Boltzmann curves after change in conditions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Why rate roughly doubles with temperature rise | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q11 | Catalysis mechanism and intermediates | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q15 | Boltzmann distribution when amount of gas changes | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Combined effect of concentration and temperature on rate |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 6 | Boltzmann distribution and activation energy |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Concentration-time graph for hydrogenation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Energy distribution and fraction exceeding activation energy |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 4 | Hydrogenation catalyst and Boltzmann distribution |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 7 | Average rate from concentration-time data |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Energy profile with catalyst |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Energy profile with catalyst |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (f)–(g) | 6 | Activation energy and rate of burning metal |
Chapter 9: The Periodic Table: Chemical Periodicity
107 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 73 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Identifying elements from atomic and ionic radii | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Oxide with simple molecular structure | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Identifying Period 3 oxide from properties | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Identifying element from chloride hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Identifying elements from atomic and ionic radii | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Oxide with simple molecular structure | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Electronegativity versus ionisation energy in Period 3 | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Period 3 element data interpretation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Identifying compound from hydrolysis and burning | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Matching oxide and chloride solutions to an element | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Identifying Period 3 chloride from reactions | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Identifying Period 3 elements from properties | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Periodicity statements for Period 3 oxides | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Melting point and conductivity across Period 3 | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 elements from trends | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Distinguishing Period 3 chlorides and oxides | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Electronegativity trend graph in Period 3 | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Nature and structure of sulfur dioxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 elements from oxide behaviour | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Identifying semiconductor from chloride hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Oxide insoluble in alkali | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Flame colours and oxides of Period 3 | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Identifying Period 3 elements from ion radii | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q6 | Electronegativity trend graph in Period 3 | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Nature and structure of sulfur dioxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 elements from oxide behaviour | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Identifying semiconductor from chloride hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Period 3 chlorides in water | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Nature of Period 3 oxides | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Period 3 property comparisons | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Statements on Period 3 chlorides and oxides | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q20 | pH changes with Period 3 compounds | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Oxide solution pH and oxidation states | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Oxide type and properties in Period 3 | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Silicon tetrachloride with water | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Compound formed from Period 3 elements | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Periodic trend in Period 3 property | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 element from oxide acidity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Comparing silicon and magnesium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q18 | pH of Period 3 chloride solution and indicator | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Period 3 melting points and ionisation energies | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Comparing Period 3 non-metal and metal | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Highest pH from oxide and chloride mixtures | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Comparing silicon and magnesium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q18 | pH of Period 3 chloride solution and indicator | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Deducing structure from oxide reactions | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q19 | pH of oxide of a Period 3 element | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Identifying element from melting point pattern | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 elements from properties | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Highest oxidation state compounds in Period 3 | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Statements on Period 3 oxides and chlorides | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q4 | Electronegativity of Period 3 elements | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Oxide acidity of magnesium and phosphorus | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Period 3 oxides and amphoteric behaviour | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Structure and bonding of silicon compounds | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Atomic and ionic radii in Period 3 | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Period 3 oxides and chlorides in water | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Identifying Period 3 element from reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Factor explaining metallic melting point trend | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Identifying Period 3 element from properties | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Period 3 oxides and chlorides in water | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q6 | Properties of aluminium chloride | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Properties of Group 13 element in Period 3 | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Oxide masses from Period 3 elements | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Products of ammonia with Period 3 chlorides | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Electronegativity versus radius across Period 3 | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q2 | Identifying element from radius and conductivity | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Ionisation energy and amphoteric oxides | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Period 3 chlorides hydrolysing to acidic solution | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Identifying a Period 3 chloride from observations | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Period 3 trends in electronegativity and oxides | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Structure and melting point of Period 3 oxides |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 34 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (e) | 2 | Hydrolysis of covalent fluoride |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 9 | Period 3 radii, oxides and their reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(d) | 10 | Period 3 conductivity, melting points, chlorides, formation |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 (e) | 2 | Hydrolysis of covalent fluoride |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 9 | Period 3 radii, oxides and their reactions |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 8 | Reactions and melting points of Period 3 oxides |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 13 | Period 3 chlorides and oxides: hydrolysis, amphoteric, melting |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 | 8 | Period 3 oxides: melting, acid-base, amphoteric |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 13 | Phosphorus chlorides: oxidation numbers and reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 9 | Group 14 element properties and carbonates |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 (e)–(f) | 5 | Reactions of silicon and tin compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 12 | Period 3 oxide reactions, bonding and water reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 9 | Group 14 element properties and carbonates |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 (e)–(f) | 5 | Reactions of silicon and tin compounds |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Hydrolysis of sulfur chloride |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 (d)–(f) | 9 | Period 3 melting points, oxides, amphoteric hydroxide |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 7 | Period 3 oxidation numbers and oxide reactions |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Period 3 chlorides structure and bonding |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (d) | 5 | Properties and hydrolysis of phosphorus oxychloride |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 | 13 | Period 3 trends in radius, melting point, ionisation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Phosphorus oxide formation and acid production |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (d) | 5 | Properties and hydrolysis of phosphorus oxychloride |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (f) | 2 | Hydrolysis of a non-metal fluoride |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 6 | Silicon and phosphorus chlorides, magnesium chloride in water |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 6 | Period 3 chlorides oxidation numbers and hydrolysis |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 | 10 | Aluminium oxide layer, Period 3 chlorides and nitrates |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 (d) | 3 | Acidic oxides and their reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Structure and hydrolysis of Period 3 chlorides |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 11 | Reactions and bonding of sulfur chlorides |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 7 | Period 3 chlorides bonding, structure, hydrolysis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Structure and hydrolysis of Period 3 chlorides |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (d) | 11 | Reactions and bonding of sulfur chlorides |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 6 | Period 3 melting point trend |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 | 16 | Period 3 oxides: structure, acid-base character, redox |
Chapter 10: Group 2
75 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 60 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Predicting properties of radium compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Gas volumes from Group 2 salts | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Equation for magnesium nitrate decomposition | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Identifying anion from precipitation tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Predicting properties of radium compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Gas volumes from Group 2 salts | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Thermal decomposition of heavy Group 2 nitrate | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Thermal decomposition of mixed carbonates | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Statements about strontium and its compounds | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Gas volumes from decomposing Group 2 compounds | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q18 | Statements about Group 2 oxides and hydroxides | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Identifying Group 2 elements from reactivity | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Group 2 compound trends down group | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q1 | Properties of Group 2 halides | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Comparing pH of Group 2 compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Identifying Group 2 element from hydroxide and nitrate | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Comparing magnesium and barium | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Properties of Group 2 halides | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Comparing pH of Group 2 compounds | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Identifying Group 2 element from compound data | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Gas volume from nitrate decomposition | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Gas produced from mixed Group 2 salts | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Identifying Group 2 solid from tests | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Gas amount from calcium nitrate decomposition | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Properties of magnesium oxide or hydroxide | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Reactivity of Group 2 metals with acid | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Carbonates used to treat soil | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Thermal decomposition of Group 2 nitrates | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Reactions of calcium and strontium with water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Precipitation from Group 2 solutions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Identifying metal from nitrate mass loss | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Magnesium reaction with cold water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Data comparison of Group 2 compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Identifying mixture from thermal decomposition products | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Reactions of calcium and strontium with water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Precipitation from Group 2 solutions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Identifying metal from nitrate mass loss | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q16 | Mass loss on heating Group 2 salts | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Distinguishing Group 2 ions by precipitation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Comparing calcium and barium chemistry | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Identifying Group 2 ions by tests | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Neutralising Group 2 hydroxides with acid | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Gas volume from Group 2 nitrate decomposition | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Group 2 property decreasing down group | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Anomalous properties of beryllium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Alkalinity of Group 2 oxide solutions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Group 2 nitrate and sulfate trends | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Identifying nitrate from gas mass | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Precipitation with Group 2 salts | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Alkalinity of Group 2 oxide solutions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Group 2 nitrate and sulfate trends | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q3 | Gas volume from s-block metals with water | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Separating Group 2 carbonates in solution | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Thermal decomposition of magnesium nitrate | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Calcium hydroxide and carbonate properties | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Soluble Group 2 sulfate from carbonate | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Group 2 hydroxides and sulfates observations | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Identifying Group 2 metal from nitrate residue mass | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Gas volumes from Group 2 salt decomposition | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Group 2 hydroxide solubility and carbonate stability |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 (d) | 2 | Group 2 nitrate stability and products |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (f) | 4 | Magnesium carbonate precipitation and decomposition |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 (d) | 2 | Group 2 nitrate stability and products |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d) | 4 | Reactions of Group 2 compounds with acid |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (c) | 2 | Thermal decomposition of Period 4 nitrate |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 7 | Group 2 hydroxide solubility and carbonate decomposition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 7 | Group 2 hydroxide solubility and carbonate decomposition |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 3 | Group 2 reactions and distinguishing ions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Reactions of magnesium and its compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Reactions of magnesium and its compounds |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 3 | Group 2 nitrate decomposition and sulfate precipitate |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (c) | 6 | Rate of Group 2 metals with water |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 4 | Titration of Group 2 hydroxide solution |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 (b) | 1 | Group 2 metals reacting with acid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (b) | 1 | Group 2 metals reacting with acid |
Chapter 11: Group 17
77 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 57 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Halide reactions with sulfuric acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Iodine with bromide solution | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Mass of chlorate from chlorine and alkali | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Identifying halides from sulfuric acid products | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Halide reactions with sulfuric acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Iodine with bromide solution | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q18 | Halogen trend statements | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q19 | Oxidising chlorine to chlorate | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Volatility trend of halogens | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q20 | Sulfur oxidation number change with bromide | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Silver chloride precipitate dissolving reagents | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q19 | Statements on halogens and hydrogen halides | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Halogen displacement results | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Graph of Group 17 trends | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Reactions of chloride with sulfuric acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Oxidation and stability of hydrogen halides | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Silver halide colour and solubility in ammonia | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Oxidation numbers in interhalogen reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Reactions of chloride with sulfuric acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Oxidation and stability of hydrogen halides | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Identifying halide from sulfuric acid products | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Identifying halide ion by silver nitrate tests | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q19 | Redox role of chlorine in cold alkali | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Halogen property statements and explanations | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Properties of hydrogen halides | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Oxidation numbers in an interhalogen reaction | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Halide salts with sulfuric acid and silver nitrate | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Redox and disproportionation of chlorine compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q11 | Chlorine reaction in water treatment | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Explaining halogen volatility trend | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Statements about halogens and halides | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q12 | Halogen displacement and redox classification | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Halide reducing power with sulfuric acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q11 | Chlorine reaction in water treatment | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Explaining halogen volatility trend | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Statements about halogens and halides | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q9 | Halogen disproportionation in alkali | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Products from halides with sulfuric acid | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q17 | Predicting properties of astatine | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Statements about halogens | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Halides reacting with concentrated sulfuric acid | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q18 | Silver halide separation with ammonia | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q21 | Statements on halogens and halide reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Chlorine in hot alkali, stoichiometry | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Oxidation state of disinfecting chlorine species | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Identifying halide from sulfuric acid fumes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Statements on halogens and halide reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Chlorine in hot alkali, stoichiometry | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q12 | Oxidation number change of chlorine in water treatment | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Sulfur products from halide with sulfuric acid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Acidic gas from halide with sulfuric acid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Deducing halogens from trends | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Oxidation states from chlorine reacting with alkali | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q22 | Chlorine displacing iodide with organic solvent layer | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Volatility of halogens and intermolecular forces | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Group 17 reactivity and halide reactions | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Chlorine disproportionation with hot alkali, moles |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 20 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a)–(c) | 8 | Halogen properties, water treatment, halide reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Colours and oxidising power of halogens |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Colours and oxidising power of halogens |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 | 10 | Halogen properties, displacement and halides with sulfuric acid |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (b) | 5 | Disproportionation of chlorine in alkali |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 (c) | 3 | Halide test observations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (c) | 3 | Halide test observations |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Chlorate formation and disproportionation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d)–(e) | 7 | Chlorine reactions with water and alkali, bleach |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Preparing hydrogen halides with sulfuric acid |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d) | 5 | Halide reactions with sulfuric acid, silver nitrate titration |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 3 | Halide tests and displacement observations |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 1 | Chlorine with cold alkali |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (e) | 4 | Halide-halogen reactions and trends |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 3 | Halide tests and displacement observations |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 1 | Chlorine with cold alkali |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d) | 3 | Two-step test for halide ions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Hydrogen halides reacting with sulfuric acid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Predicting properties of a heavy halogen |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a)–(c) | 7 | Hydrogen halides: reactivity and thermal stability |
Chapter 12: Nitrogen and Sulfur
64 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 53 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Statements on nitrogen and ammonia | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Reaction of ammonia with hydrogen chloride | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Pollutants oxidised in catalytic converter | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q16 | Nitrogen oxides in smog and acid rain | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Mixtures producing ammonia | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Statements on nitrogen and ammonia | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Reaction of ammonia with hydrogen chloride | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Pollutants oxidised in catalytic converter | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q17 | Reduction in catalytic converter | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Role of ammonium ion in ammonia preparation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Catalyst and reagent in acid rain formation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q16 | Reactions of nitrogen compounds | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q21 | Molecules forming peroxyacetyl nitrate | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q21 | Removing ions from water with calcium hydroxide | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Atmospheric pollutants forming peroxyacetyl nitrate | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Ammonia preparation from ammonium salt | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Gases from nitrate decomposition | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Compound decomposing to give pollutant gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Gas volume from catalytic converter reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Statements about ammonia and ammonium | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q4 | Reactants in catalytic converter reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Statements about ammonium and nitrogen oxides | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q20 | Compound decomposing to give pollutant gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Gas volume from catalytic converter reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Statements about ammonia and ammonium | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Nitrogen dioxide in atmosphere | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Properties of ammonium ion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Pollutant gas removed by catalytic converter | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Reaction of ammonium salt with alkali | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Catalytic converter mass calculation | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Catalytic converter removal of nitrogen monoxide | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Ammonium ion and alkali reaction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q20 | Pollutant causing erosion of marble | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q22 | Identifying ammonium chloride from tests | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Fertilisers and soil pH | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Catalytic converter reaction details | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Oxides of nitrogen statements | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q17 | Sulfur oxide oxidation catalysed by nitrogen oxides | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Catalytic converter reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q23 | Statements about ammonia and ammonium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Regeneration of nitrogen oxide catalyst | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q23 | Identifying ammonium salt from tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Pollutants forming photochemical smog | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q23 | Statements about ammonia and ammonium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Regeneration of nitrogen oxide catalyst | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q22 | Identifying an ammonium salt from tests | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Catalytic converter removal of carbon monoxide | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Atmospheric reactions of pollutant gases | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Pollutant removal in catalytic converter | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Identifying solid that releases ammonia | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q24 | Nature of ammonium chloride solution | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Energy change and role of catalytic converter | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Acid rain gases neutralising sulfuric acid |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 10 | Nitrogen oxides and nitrate test redox |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (a) | 6 | Unreactivity of nitrogen and its bonding |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (d) | 5 | Nitrogen oxides in acid rain and smog |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Ammonium reaction with hydroxide |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 5 | Unreactivity of nitrogen and nitrogen oxides |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d)–(e) | 6 | Nitrogen oxide sources and catalysed sulfur oxidation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q5 (b) | 6 | Nitrogen oxides in engines and acid rain |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 4 | Nitrogen oxides in smog, ammonia from ammonium salt |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 2 | Radical catalysis of ozone breakdown |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(d) | 9 | Catalytic converter and urea emission control |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a)–(d) | 9 | Catalytic converter and urea emission control |
Chapter 13: An Introduction to AS Level Organic Chemistry
99 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 73 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Isomer types in ketones and ethers | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Functional groups and isomerism in steroids | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Identifying compound from combustion and oxidation tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Planarity and sigma bonds in methanal | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting chiral centres in a drug | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Isomer types in ketones and ethers | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Functional groups and isomerism in steroids | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Identifying compound from combustion and oxidation tests | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Counting alcohol isomers by class | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Hybridisation of carbons in a polyene | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Counting isomers including stereoisomers | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Identifying compound with stereoisomerism | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q8 | Sigma and pi bonds in a sugar | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Chiral centres in a sugar | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Functional groups from empirical formula | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Chiral centres in a steroid | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Isomeric diacids and their reduction products | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Counting sp3 orbitals in an alkene | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Type of isomerism in two alcohols | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Comparing stereoisomer counts in alkenes | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Counting sp2 carbons in a hydrocarbon | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting stereoisomers of a long chain acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Counting chain isomers of dihalide | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q28 | General property of nucleophiles | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Type of isomerism in two alcohols | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Comparing stereoisomer counts in alkenes | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Counting stereoisomers of a cyclic alkene | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Sigma bonds and hybridisation in a nitrile | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Molecular formula from skeletal structure | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q24 | Hydrogen to carbon ratio in compound classes | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Structural isomer of a given compound | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Bond and functional group count in large molecule | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Counting stereoisomers of unsaturated alcohol | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Reaction giving a chiral product | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Identifying alkene with geometric isomerism | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Counting sigma and pi bonds | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Shape of fused ring molecule | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting chiral centres in a steroid | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Counting chiral carbons in a drug | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Counting sigma and pi bonds | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q6 | Features shared by alkene and polymer | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Chiral centres in a drug | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Geometric isomers of a diene | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Counting ester isomers | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Counting chiral carbons in a drug | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Counting sigma and pi bonds | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q24 | Counting isomers with two chiral centres | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Isomeric hydrocarbons from composition and addition | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Counting secondary alcohol isomers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Molecular formula from structures | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting alcohol isomers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Structure from chirality and reactions | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Recognising structural isomers from formulae | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Isomers of cyclic and chain alkenes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q5 | Counting sigma bonds in a hydrocarbon | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Pairs of isomeric alcohols | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Chiral carbons in a branched alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Counting isomers of an unsaturated diacid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Statements about a chiral hydroxy diacid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Isomers of acid and alcohol forming ester | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Hydrocarbons with and without chiral centre | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q5 | Counting sigma bonds in a hydrocarbon | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Pairs of isomeric alcohols | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Chiral carbons in a branched alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Counting isomers of an unsaturated diacid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Counting ester isomers of a formula | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q5 | Features of ethane and ethene bonding | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting stereoisomers of a molecule | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Electron count and role of methyl species | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Classifying alcohol and carbonyl groups | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Counting structural isomers of an alkene formula | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Smallest alkane with a chiral centre | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Structural change between two isomeric polyenes |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Cyclic structural isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Definition of homologous series |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 5 | Structural isomers of hexane |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Cyclic structural isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Water content and stereoisomers from alkene isomerisation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (d) | 5 | Isomerism and hydrolysis products |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 (d) | 6 | Water content and stereoisomers from alkene isomerisation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q5 (b) | 3 | Hybridisation and sigma-pi overlap in alkene |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q6 (a) | 5 | Stereoisomer count and molecular formula |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Optical isomers of a halogenoalkane |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (e) | 5 | Hybridisation and sigma-pi bonds |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Stereoisomerism in synthesis intermediates |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Alkene naming and isomerism |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Optical isomerism and naming of a hydroxy acid |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Alkene naming and isomerism |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Counting sigma and pi bonds |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (d) | 2 | Sigma and pi bonding in ethene |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 (a) | 1 | Structural isomerism definition |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 (c)–(d) | 4 | Geometric and optical isomerism |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Addition reaction and positional isomerism |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (c) | 1 | Geometric isomer structure |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (c) | 1 | Geometric isomer structure |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Stereoisomerism type in a ring compound |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (b) | 5 | Structural isomers of an ether formula |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 2 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 1 | Naming ester isomers |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 1 | Naming ester isomers |
Chapter 14: Hydrocarbons
89 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 56 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Carbocation intermediate in HBr addition | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Radical substitution of alkane and alkene side chain | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Major product of HBr addition to alkene | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Cold permanganate oxidation of alkene | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Bromine addition to a diene | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Carbocation intermediate in HBr addition | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Radical substitution of alkane and alkene side chain | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Alkene from oxidative cleavage product | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Products of radical bromination | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Termination step in radical substitution | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Deducing alkane from substitution and elimination | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Oxidation of cyclic alkene under two conditions | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Steps of radical substitution | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Addition products of an alkene | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Products of alkane cracking | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Type of reaction in ethene hydration | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Oxidative cleavage of a polyene alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Role of light in radical substitution | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Type of reaction in ethene hydration | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Oxidative cleavage of a polyene alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Role of light in radical substitution | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Radical substitution of ethane | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Oxidation of an unsaturated alcohol with cold permanganate | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Identifying hydrocarbon from density and oxidation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Hydrogen needed to saturate an alkene | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Naming major product of HBr addition | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Isomers from radical substitution of an alkane | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Products of alkene oxidation under two conditions | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Oxidation of alkene under mild and harsh conditions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Products of cracking an alkane | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Identifying alkene from Mr and HBr product | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Oxidative cleavage of a polyene | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Product of diene with hydrogen bromide | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Tests distinguishing alkene and carbonyl compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Products of methane radical substitution | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Products of cracking an alkane | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Identifying alkene from Mr and HBr product | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Oxidative cleavage of a polyene | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Identifying radical chain reaction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Products of ethane chlorination | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Addition reactions of alkynes | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Stability of carbocation intermediates | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Products of ethane chlorination | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Addition to a cyclic alkene | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Electrophilic addition of bromine to a diene | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Oxidative cleavage of an alkene | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Identifying redox reaction among organic reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Alkene oxidation products at two conditions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Identifying redox reaction among organic reactions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Products of thermal cracking of an alkene | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Stages of free-radical substitution | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Major product of alkene with excess HBr | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Identifying alkene from gas data | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Product of diene with excess hydrogen halide | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Bromine water test for unsaturation | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Carbocation stability and electrophilic addition rate |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 29 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Radical chlorination of cycloalkane |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 (e) | 3 | Oxidative cleavage of cyclic alkene |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 3 | Alkane unreactivity and cracking |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (e) | 4 | Conversion of alkane to alkene and enthalpy cycle |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Free-radical chlorination of propane |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 4 | Radical chlorination of cycloalkane |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (e) | 3 | Oxidative cleavage of cyclic alkene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 7 | Electrophilic addition mechanism for alkene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (e) | 2 | Deducing diene from oxidative cleavage products |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 (a) | 3 | Cracking of hydrocarbons |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q6 (a)–(b) | 7 | Electrophilic addition of hypochlorous acid |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 7 | Interhalogen addition to an alkene |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Free-radical chlorination of alkane |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Electrophilic addition mechanism of bromine |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Free-radical chlorination of alkane |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q5 (c) | 5 | Electrophilic addition and pi bond reactivity |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 4 | Addition and substitution of an alkene alcohol |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 (d) | 6 | Electrophilic addition of chlorine to alkene |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (c) | 6 | Electrophilic addition mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (c) | 6 | Electrophilic addition mechanism |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 4 | Free-radical chlorination of methane |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Combustion and cracking of alkane fuel |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c) | 9 | Acid-catalysed hydration mechanism of ethene |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 8 | Oxidative cleavage and reactions of an alkene |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 6 | Radical substitution, chiral centre and homolytic fission |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 (a) | 2 | Tests on unsaturated carboxylic acid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Electrophilic addition mechanism with carbocation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Alkene oxidation by permanganate |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (e) | 8 | Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkene |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 4 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 (d) | 3 | Oxidative cleavage of alkene by ozone mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 (d) | 3 | Oxidative cleavage of alkene by ozone mechanism |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q9 (c) | 2 | Unfamiliar diene addition using given information |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q9 (c) | 2 | Unfamiliar diene addition using given information |
Chapter 15: Halogen Compounds
68 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 55 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Silver nitrate test on polyhalogen compound | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Elimination product of dihalide | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Identifying SN1 reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Silver nitrate test on polyhalogen compound | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Elimination product of dihalide | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Elimination products of a dibromoalkane | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Reaction pathway for SN1 hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Comparing hydrolysis of bromo and chloro compounds | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q25 | Features of SN1 mechanism | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Rates of silver halide precipitation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Mechanism of amine formation from iodoalkane | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Reagent and conditions for nitrile formation | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Identifying halogenoalkane from hydrolysis and elimination | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Reactivity of halogenoalkanes toward substitution | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Product of cyanide substitution | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Rate and mechanism of halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Reagent for alcohol from bromoalkane | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Product of cyanide substitution | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Rate and mechanism of halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Mechanism of halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Reagents for two-step halogenoalkane conversion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q28 | First step of hydrolysis mechanism | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Product of elimination from bromopropane | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Mechanism of nucleophilic substitution | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Elimination products of halogenoalkane | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Statements on halogenoalkane reactions | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Nucleophile and leaving group in hydrolysis | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Primary halogenoalkane structural isomers | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q31 | First step of dihalide hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Naming and classifying a halogenoalkane | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q31 | First step of dihalide hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Solvent and reaction type in elimination | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Mechanism for tertiary halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Gas from elimination of halogenoalkane | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q32 | SN1 and SN2 statements for cyanide substitution | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Elimination products of bromopentane | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Reaction type in halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Elimination isomers and optical isomerism of products | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q31 | SN1 reactivity of halogenoalkanes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Substitution then oxidation route | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Major product of elimination | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Comparing products from bromoethane reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Carbocation stability in halogenoalkane hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Substitution then oxidation route | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Major product of elimination | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Reaction types in halogenoalkane to nitrile route | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Elimination products and isomers from dihalide | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Rate of silver halide precipitate from halogenoalkanes | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Elimination from halogenoalkane giving isomers | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Hydrolysis rate and mechanism of halogenoalkanes | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Halogenoalkane precursor for ring amine | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Hydrolysis rate of halogenoalkanes | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Elimination products of a polyhalide | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Elimination of halogenoalkane with ethanolic alkali | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Hydrolysis rate and mechanism of halogenoalkanes |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Reaction types in propene synthesis |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 1 | Substitution to form alcohol |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Reaction types in propene synthesis |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (c) | 2 | Elimination from dihalogenoalkane |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c) | 4 | Halogenoalkane reaction scheme and polymer |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b)–(d) | 8 | SN1 mechanism and reactions of halogenoalkane |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (c)–(f) | 12 | Nucleophilic substitution mechanisms of halogenoalkanes |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Halogenoalkane and nitrile steps |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (e) | 1 | Halogen exchange in halogenoalkane |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 | 11 | Reactions of a halogenoalkane |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 (e) | 5 | SN1 mechanism of tertiary halogenoalkane |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q5 | 13 | Reactions and reactivity of a halogenoalkane |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 7 | Rate of hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes |
Chapter 16: Hydroxy Compounds
63 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 52 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Oxidation stoichiometry identifies alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Reaction giving primary alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Complete oxidation of hydroxy aldehyde | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Oxidation of a natural product with permanganate | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Oxidation stoichiometry identifies alcohol | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Deducing compound from combustion and PCl5 test | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Oxidation of alcohol groups in steroid | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Alcohol resistant to oxidation but reacting with sodium | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Reagents giving acidic gas with ethanol | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Dehydration then bromine addition product | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Distinguishing alcohols by oxidation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Counting alcohols giving iodoform | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Reagent distinguishing two alcohols | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Converting alcohol to chloroalkane in two steps | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Oxidation of alcohols to single product | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Comparing reagent conditions for alcohol derivatives | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Dehydration products of a secondary alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Strong oxidation of unsaturated alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Oxidation of alcohols to single product | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Dehydration of an alcohol, optical isomer | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Converting an alcohol to bromoalkane | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Alcohol oxidation then iodoform test | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Distinguishing primary and secondary alcohols | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Alcohol oxidation then ester formation | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Combustion stoichiometry of an alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Alcohol giving iodoform result | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Acidity of alcohol compared to water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Dehydration products of a cyclic alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Alcohol giving ethanoate in iodoform test | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Identifying alcohol from oxidation product tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Alcohol giving iodoform result | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Acidity of alcohol compared to water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Dehydration products of a cyclic alcohol | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Reaction of secondary alcohol giving stereoisomers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q30 | Reaction types of an alcohol | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Reagent for transformation of hydroxy compound | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Alcohol class from oxidation results | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Dehydration of a secondary alcohol | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Two-step conversion of alcohol to diol | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Oxidation of a complex alcohol, molecular formula | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Dehydration and hydrogenation sequence for an acid | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Isomeric alcohols by oxidation products | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Alcohol with excess hydrogen bromide | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Deducing hydroxy compound from reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Dehydration of tertiary alcohol, isomers | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Gas volumes from combustion of an alcohol | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Reactions of an unsaturated alcohol | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Colour changes of oxidising agents with alcohols | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Reaction removing chirality in a hydroxy acid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Reactions of a polyol | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Oxidation of ethanol to acid under reflux | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Alcohol oxidation then hydroxynitrile formation |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c) | 2 | Oxidation of alcohol under reflux |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c)–(d) | 6 | Alcohol class from oxidation and iodoform tests |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q5 | 14 | Reactions of an unsaturated alcohol |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 5 | Oxidation of alcohol isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (e) | 5 | Classifying alcohol groups in a sugar |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Alcohol oxidation and halide formation scheme |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 (e) | 5 | Classifying alcohol groups in a sugar |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 1 | Oxidation of alcohol to acid |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Reaction of alcohol with phosphorus chloride |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Reaction of alcohol with phosphorus chloride |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 (d) | 7 | Oxidation of alcohols with dichromate |
Chapter 17: Carbonyl Compounds
84 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 61 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Carbonyl forming hydroxynitrile | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Counting carbonyl compounds giving iodoform | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Nucleophilic addition of organometallic to ketone | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Carbonyl forming hydroxynitrile | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Counting carbonyl compounds giving iodoform | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Carbonyl reduction and iodoform test | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Products of iodoform reaction of a ketone | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Intermediate in cyanohydrin formation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q30 | Reduction of ketone with borohydride | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Identifying aldehyde with geometric isomers | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Mechanism of cyanide addition to ketone | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Identifying carbonyl compound from test results | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Iodoform reaction giving a diacid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Cyanohydrin with chiral centre | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Reactions of ethanal with several reagents | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Identifying compound from carbonyl and sodium tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Compound undergoing nucleophilic addition | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Iodoform reaction giving a diacid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Cyanohydrin with chiral centre | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Reactions of ethanal with several reagents | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Deducing ketone from reduction product mass | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Identifying compound from oxidant and carbonyl tests | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Hydrolysis of hydroxynitrile from ketone | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Identifying oxidation among organic reactions | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Alcohols and the iodoform reaction | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Reactivity of a diketone with reagents | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Carbonyl reduced and cyanohydrin chiral products | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Identifying carbonyl from combustion and tests | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Alkaline iodine test comparing compounds | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Reagent that reacts with a ketone | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Complete oxidation of hydroxy aldehyde | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Compound reacting with DNPH | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Type and product of cyanohydrin formation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Identifying nucleophilic addition reaction | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Compound reacting with DNPH | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Type and product of cyanohydrin formation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Reagent confirming carbonyl group | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Iodoform test and optical activity | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Compound giving iodoform result | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Cyanohydrin mechanism intermediate | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Carbonyl reacting with DNPH not Tollens | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Aldehyde with stereoisomers and Fehling | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Identifying compound from composition and iodoform test | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Statements about a ketone | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Isomers of a carbonyl compound by test result | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q33 | Iodoform reaction products of a ketone | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q34 | First step of cyanohydrin mechanism | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Predicting reactions of carbonyl compounds | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Mechanism of cyanide addition to carbonyl | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Deducing carbonyl compound from infrared and oxidation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Iodoform reaction products of a ketone | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q34 | First step of cyanohydrin mechanism | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q27 | Reduction of carbonyl to form chiral product | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Distinguishing compounds with oxidant and DNPH | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Identifying carbonyl from cyanohydrin mass | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Reaction giving product for iodoform test | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Compound reacting with both DNPH and Fehling | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q33 | Counting isomers giving iodoform test | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Choosing reaction with nucleophilic addition | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Reagent observations for a dicarbonyl | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Carbonyl tests with 2,4-DNPH and iodoform |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 18 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q6 | 7 | Identifying aldehydes and ketone by tests |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 | 11 | Tests and nucleophilic addition of carbonyl compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 (c) | 5 | Haloform reaction of a ketone |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a)–(e) | 9 | Nucleophilic addition and reactions of a ketone |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 (c) | 5 | Haloform reaction of a ketone |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a)–(e) | 9 | Nucleophilic addition and reactions of a ketone |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 6 | Deducing isomers from carbonyl and reagent tests |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q5 | 8 | Reduction and tests of a polyfunctional compound |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 (b) | 6 | Nucleophilic addition to aldehyde and dehydration |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b)–(c) | 11 | Nucleophilic addition to aldehydes, reduction |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Organic tests distinguishing compound pairs |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Keto acid reduction and lactone formation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 11 | Organic tests distinguishing compound pairs |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (a) | 8 | Organic tests distinguishing compound pairs |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Keto acid reduction and lactone formation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (c) | 5 | Distinguishing carbonyl isomers by tests |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 (c) | 2 | Identifying an aldehyde from tests |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Tests on aldehyde and carboxylic acid |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 5 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 (c) | 1 | Functional group in a ketone-containing amine |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 3 | Iodoform test on carbonyl isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 (c) | 1 | Functional group in a ketone-containing amine |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 (d) | 6 | Deducing structures from reagent tests |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 (d) | 6 | Deducing structures from reagent tests |
Chapter 18: Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
78 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 64 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Mixtures producing sodium propanoate | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q35 | Product of alkaline ester hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Reactions of ethanoic acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Single-step route to propanoic acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Reactions of hydroxy acids with reagents | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q34 | Mixtures producing sodium propanoate | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Product of alkaline ester hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Reactions of ethanoic acid | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q25 | Reactions of ethanoic acid with reagents | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q28 | Acidic groups from reactions with Na and NaOH | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Esterification product from acid and alcohol | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q27 | Methanoic acid acidity and oxidation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Products of alkaline ester hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Reduction then esterification products | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q27 | Neutralisation of a dicarboxylic acid | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q28 | Acids from alkaline hydrolysis of esters | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Reducing agent selectivity identifies functional group | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Hydrolysis giving propanoic acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q26 | Esterification products from acid and alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Ester hydrolysis then reduction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Gas from acid with magnesium and sodium | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Statements about unsaturated ester | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Esterification products from acid and alcohol | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Reduction of carboxylic acid isomers | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Alkaline hydrolysis of a cyclic ester | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Gas volumes from acids and alcohols with reagents | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Acid products from ester hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Product of ethanoic acid with various reagents | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Mass fraction of hydrolysis products | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q31 | Identifying compound from reagent tests | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Acid versus alkaline ester hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Alkaline hydrolysis of a lactone | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Correct equations for carboxylic acid reactions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Alkaline hydrolysis of an ester | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Alkaline hydrolysis of a lactone | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Ways to make butanoic acid | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Ester hydrolysis products related by reduction | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Reagents forming a cyclic or poly-ester | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Routes to propanoic acid | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Cyclic diester from hydroxy acid | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q1 | Reagent forming carboxylate without gas | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Hydrolysis products with same empirical formula | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Ester isomerism and alcohol class | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Acid-base behaviour of hydroxy diacid, reduced product | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q36 | Alkaline hydrolysis of an ester | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Relative mass of acid from gas with metal | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q29 | Hydrolysis then oxidation of a lactone | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q31 | Distinguishing hydroxy and oxo acids by tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Reactants forming a diester | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q36 | Alcohol forming a diester with ethanoic acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Products of alkaline ester hydrolysis | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Hydrolysis then oxidation of a lactone | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Distinguishing hydroxy and oxo acids by tests | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Reactants forming a diester | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q36 | Alcohol forming a diester with ethanoic acid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q37 | Identifying alcohol and acid from ester hydrolysis | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Identifying compound from gases with Na and carbonate | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Product of LiAlH4 reduction of a hydroxy ester | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Identifying redox reaction among acid derivatives | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Esterification products and mass of water | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Identifying acid and alcohol forming an ester | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q32 | Reactions of a hydroxy diacid with reagents | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q34 | Scope of LiAlH4 reduction | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q35 | Ester hydrolysis products from oxygen content |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (d) | 5 | Esterification and infrared analysis |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q5 | 12 | Esters, diacids and conversion to acyl chloride |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Reduction of carboxylic acid |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q6 (b)–(c) | 9 | Reactions of a diester and ketone compound |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Hydroxide hydrolysis of organic compound |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 4 | Ester-like phosphate derivatives |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Hydroxide hydrolysis of organic compound |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 | 8 | Reduction and reactions of a hydroxy carboxylic compound |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q5 (c) | 5 | Transesterification of vegetable oil |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 (d) | 5 | Ester formation and identification |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Carboxylic acid test and titration |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 10 | Ester synthesis and addition polymer route |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 2 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 2 | Oxidation of ethanedioic acid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 2 | Oxidation of ethanedioic acid |
Chapter 19: Nitrogen Compounds
19 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Reaction mixture giving a nitrile | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Hydrogen needed to reduce nitrile | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q34 | Identifying a nitrile from hydrolysis product | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Reagents giving a nitrile from halogenoalkane | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q26 | Hydrolysis of nitrile, yield calculation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Nitrile hydrolysis and reduction to alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q30 | Reagents converting bromoalkane to acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Nitrile hydrolysis and reduction to alcohol | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q31 | Nitrile intermediate to carboxylate | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Nitrile route from halogenoalkane to acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Reagents for two-stage nitrile route | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Reagents for two-stage nitrile route | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Reagents to form a nitrile | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q38 | Compounds converting to carboxylic acid in one step | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Compounds converting to carboxylic acid in one step | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q38 | Single-reagent route to carboxylic acid |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q6 (c) | 3 | Nitrile hydrolysis in two-step synthesis |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 (a) | 5 | Nitrile route from halogenoalkane to carboxylic acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 (e)–(f) | 4 | Nitrile reduction and amine synthesis |
Chapter 20: Polymerisation
27 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 23 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Monomers of an addition copolymer | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Monomer from polymer section | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 13 | Q32 | Monomers of an addition copolymer | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q32 | Section of PVC polymer chain | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q26 | Statements about a vinyl polymer | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q25 | Monomers for addition polymers | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q29 | Repeat unit of addition polymer | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Monomers of an addition copolymer | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Repeat unit of polymer of unsaturated alcohol | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Monomers of an addition copolymer | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Monomer from addition polymer segment | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Polymer structure from acrylate monomer | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q37 | Statements about PVC | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Naming monomer from polymer repeat unit | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Monomer from polymer chain segment | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Alkene monomer from polymer description | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Geometric forms of diene polymers | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Naming monomer from chlorinated polymer | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Geometric forms of diene polymers | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Identifying second monomer in addition copolymer | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q39 | Addition polymer from a cyclic alkene | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Monomer from polymer mass and chirality | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Monomer from addition polymer segment |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 4 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 8 | Addition polymerisation and tacticity |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 8 | Addition polymerisation and tacticity |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 (a) | 1 | Repeat unit of addition polymer |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c) | 2 | Monomer and disposal of addition polymer |
Chapter 21: Organic Synthesis
11 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 5 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q28 | Reaction sequence from acid to alkene | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q33 | Two-stage conversion of acid to alkene | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q29 | Two-stage conversion between alcohol isomers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q35 | Multi-step conversion of an alkene to an acid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 12 | Q37 | Three-step synthesis from nitrile |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 5 | Three-step synthesis through nitrile |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q5 (d) | 4 | Multi-step synthesis with nitrile and reduction |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Multi-step synthesis from alkene |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 (b) | 8 | Synthesis routes to a keto acid |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Multi-step synthesis from alkene |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (d) | 3 | Multi-step route between carbonyl compounds |
Chapter 22: Analytical Techniques
45 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 25 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Infrared use in checking purity | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Ring hydrocarbon from M+1 peak | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Mass spectrum peaks with chlorine isotopes | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Mass spectrum molecular ion and M+1 peak | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Number of carbons from mass spectrum peaks | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Mass spectrum of chlorine peaks | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 12 | Q40 | M+1 peak abundance from molecular formula | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Mass spectrum of chlorine peaks | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Infrared spectrum of oxidation product | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Infrared absorption of carboxylic acid | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Infrared spectrum interpretation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q39 | Infrared spectrum interpretation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Mass spectrum M+1 ratio deducing compound | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Number of molecular ion peaks with isotopes | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q39 | Infrared spectrum interpretation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Mass spectrum M+1 ratio deducing compound | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Number of peaks in mass spectrum with bromine | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Isotopic abundance from mass spectrum | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Halogen compound from mass spectrum peaks | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 12 | Q38 | Infrared spectrum interpretation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Identifying compound from M+1 peak ratio | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 13 | Q40 | Identifying compound from M+1 peak ratio | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 11 | Q40 | Choosing IR or mass spectrometry for information | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Fragment peak in mass spectra | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 12 | Q40 | Infrared spectrum showing C=O and O-H |
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 20 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Mass spectrum of alkene dimers |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Mass spectrum of alkene dimers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 (c) | 2 | Infrared absorptions of functional groups |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 (d) | 2 | Mass spectrum with chlorine isotopes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 (f) | 2 | Infrared spectrum of derivatives |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (e) | 4 | Infrared spectrum identifies product |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 (f) | 2 | Infrared spectrum of derivatives |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q5 (a) | 3 | Mass spectrum M+1 peak calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q5 (c) | 2 | Infrared spectrum interpretation |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 (c) | 6 | Ester formation and mass spectrum analysis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Mass spectrum M+1 analysis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Mass spectrum M+1 analysis |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 (f) | 2 | Mass spectrum with halogen isotopes |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 (c) | 1 | Interpreting mass spectrum of a metal |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 4 | Infrared and mass spectrum analysis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Identifying compound from IR and mass spectra |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 4 | Infrared and mass spectrum analysis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Mass spectrum fragments of a ketone |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 (c) | 4 | Molecular ion in mass spectrum |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 (b) | 5 | Mass spectrum of halogen compound |
Chapter 23: Chemical Energetics (A Level)
38 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 38 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 (c)–(d) | 5 | Hydration enthalpy factors and energy cycle |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 6 | Atomisation and electron affinity data |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 (c)–(d) | 5 | Hydration enthalpy factors and energy cycle |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 8 | Hydration enthalpy, lattice energy and entropy |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 8 | Entropy and Gibbs free energy of reduction |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 8 | Hydration enthalpy, lattice energy and entropy |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 11 | Born-Haber cycle, solution enthalpy, halide lattice trends |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 3 | Entropy change and free energy of oxidation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 14 | Hydration enthalpy, energy cycles, entropy and free energy |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 14 | Hydration enthalpy, energy cycles, entropy and free energy |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 14 | Hydration enthalpy, energy cycles, entropy and free energy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q4 (c)–(e) | 7 | Solution enthalpy and lattice energy trends |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b)–(d) | 9 | Lattice energy and Born-Haber calculations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 5 | Enthalpy, entropy and feasibility temperature |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 (c)–(e) | 7 | Solution enthalpy and lattice energy trends |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a)–(c) | 17 | Solution enthalpy, lattice energy, entropy, free energy |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Entropy of states of water |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Entropy sign and definition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Free energy and entropy calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (g) | 4 | Hydration enthalpy and lattice energy cycle |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (f) | 4 | Entropy and free energy of chlorination |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Entropy sign and definition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (c) | 3 | Free energy and entropy calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (g) | 4 | Hydration enthalpy and lattice energy cycle |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 9 | Hydration and lattice enthalpy cycle |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(d) | 8 | Born-Haber energies and lattice energy trends |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (f) | 2 | Temperature and feasibility of dissolving |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 9 | Hydration and lattice enthalpy cycle |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 4 | Entropy and free energy of ore processing |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 11 | Lattice energy, hydration enthalpy and entropy of dissolving |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 11 | Lattice energy, Born-Haber and entropy |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 11 | Lattice energy, hydration enthalpy and entropy of dissolving |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 (d)–(e) | 10 | Enthalpy of formation of ion, feasibility temperature |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 9 | Electron affinity and Born-Haber cycle |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 4 | Gibbs free energy of decomposition |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (d)–(e) | 10 | Enthalpy of formation of ion, feasibility temperature |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 4 | Enthalpy of solution from lattice and hydration data |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 7 | Entropy change and feasibility of a reaction |
Chapter 24: Electrochemistry (A Level)
32 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 32 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 (d) | 2 | Free energy from cell potential |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 11 | Cell potential definition, cells and calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 8 | Electrode potentials and electrolysis |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 (d) | 2 | Free energy from cell potential |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 11 | Cell potential definition, cells and calculations |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (d)–(e) | 8 | Electrode potentials and electrolysis calculation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Peroxide as oxidant or reductant from potentials |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (d)–(e) | 8 | Electrode potentials and electrolysis calculation |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (e) | 5 | Standard cell potential from electrode data |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (c) | 3 | Electrode potentials involving sulfur species |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (g) | 2 | Fuel cell half-equations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 6 | Standard electrode potential and cell diagram |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 3 | Electrode potentials of manganese species |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 3 | Fuel cell half-equations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (g) | 2 | Fuel cell half-equations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 6 | Standard electrode potential and cell diagram |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (d) | 4 | Electrolysis of aqueous halide |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (d) | 3 | Metal-air cell potentials |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (e)–(f) | 6 | Cell potentials from electrode data |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(e) | 14 | Electrode potentials, cell calculations, electrolysis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (e)–(f) | 6 | Cell potentials from electrode data |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 8 | Cell potential, free energy and Nernst equation |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 9 | Electrode potentials and reduction by a reductant |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (d) | 2 | Using electrode potentials to predict reaction |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 10 | Standard electrode potentials and electrolysis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 11 | Cell potentials and electrolysis calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 10 | Standard electrode potentials and electrolysis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 (c)–(d) | 10 | Electrode potential definitions and cell predictions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 | 8 | Electrolysis products and Avogadro constant |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 (c)–(d) | 10 | Electrode potential definitions and cell predictions |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 2 | Electrolysis calculation with Faraday constant |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Free energy and cell potential for redox reaction |
Chapter 25: Equilibria (A Level)
39 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 39 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 (e) | 3 | Solubility product of sparingly soluble salt |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (b)–(d) | 13 | Weak acid pH, buffer and solubility product |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 (e) | 3 | Solubility product of sparingly soluble salt |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 13 | Solubility product, weak acid pH, partition coefficient |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b)–(d) | 8 | Buffer solutions and solubility product |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 13 | Solubility product, weak acid pH, partition coefficient |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 8 | Weak acid pH and buffer calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 7 | pH of strong base and solubility product |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 19 | Solubility product and buffer from calcium compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 7 | pH of strong base and solubility product |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 7 | pH of strong base and solubility product |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (f) | 2 | Buffer action equations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (a) | 3 | Partition coefficient calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b)–(c) | 8 | Ka, pH and buffer calculations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 7 | pH of strong base and solubility product |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (f) | 2 | Buffer action equations |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (a) | 3 | Partition coefficient calculation |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Ionic product of water and temperature |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 5 | Weak acid pH and buffer calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 14 | Kw, pH, acid strength and partition coefficient |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 11 | Buffer definition, calculations and solubility product |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 14 | Kw, pH, acid strength and partition coefficient |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 (e) | 4 | Weak acid pH calculation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b) | 4 | Buffer action of amino acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (e) | 2 | Solubility product and ion concentration |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (e) | 4 | Weak acid pH calculation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b) | 4 | Buffer action of amino acid |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 5 | Buffer solution pH calculation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 9 | Partition coefficient, buffers and solubility product |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 9 | Solubility product and weak acid pH |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 9 | Partition coefficient, buffers and solubility product |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 (c) | 2 | Solubility from solubility product |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (f) | 4 | Partition coefficient calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 4 | Solubility product expression and calculation |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 7 | Buffer definition and action |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (c) | 2 | Solubility from solubility product |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (f) | 4 | Partition coefficient calculation |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (e) | 3 | Solubility product from solubility |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Weak acid equilibrium and pH calculation |
Chapter 26: Reaction Kinetics (A Level)
31 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 31 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 11 | Catalysis type, initial rates and first order kinetics |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 9 | Rate equation, half-life and heterogeneous catalysis |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 11 | Catalysis type, initial rates and first order kinetics |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 10 | Rate equation, half-life and catalysis by nitrogen oxide |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 10 | Rate equations, half-life and rate-concentration graphs |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 10 | Rate equation, half-life and catalysis by nitrogen oxide |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 7 | Reaction order and rate equation from kinetic data |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 11 | Rate data, order and catalysis |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 11 | Half-life, first order kinetics and catalysis |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 11 | Rate data, order and catalysis |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 8 | Order of reaction, catalysis and mechanism |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Rate equation from initial rates |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 2 | Two-step mechanism consistent with rate equation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 8 | Order of reaction, catalysis and mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 9 | Mechanism, rate constant and half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (d) | 1 | Homogeneous versus heterogeneous catalyst |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 10 | Order, half-life and mechanism of acid-catalysed iodination |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 9 | Mechanism, rate constant and half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (d) | 1 | Homogeneous versus heterogeneous catalyst |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 10 | Rate equation from initial rates and mechanism |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 10 | Rate equation and mechanism from initial rates |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 10 | Rate equation from initial rates and mechanism |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 8 | Rate equation from initial rates, catalysis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 10 | Catalysis, rate equations and half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 10 | Rate constants, order and zero-order catalysis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 10 | Catalysis, rate equations and half-life |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Heterogeneous catalyst mode of action |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 5 | First order kinetics and rate constant |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 (c) | 4 | Heterogeneous catalyst mode of action |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 5 | First order kinetics and rate constant |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (d) | 2 | Catalysis by iron ions in redox reaction |
Chapter 27: Group 2 (A Level)
28 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 28 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 7 | Group 2 hydrogencarbonate decomposition and fluoride solubility |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 7 | Group 2 nitrate decomposition and oxide reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 7 | Group 2 hydrogencarbonate decomposition and fluoride solubility |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 7 | Group 2 carbonate decomposition and oxide solubility |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 4 | Group 2 nitrate decomposition trend |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 7 | Group 2 carbonate decomposition and oxide solubility |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 (d) | 3 | Explaining trend in Group 2 hydroxide solubility |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 (d) | 3 | Explaining trend in Group 2 hydroxide solubility |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 (a) | 5 | Trend in Group 2 hydroxide solubility |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 3 | Decomposition of ethanedioates and trend in Group 2 |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 4 | Trend in Group 2 sulfate solubility |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Thermal decomposition of Group 1 nitrates |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a) | 5 | Trend in Group 2 hydroxide solubility |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 3 | Decomposition of ethanedioates and trend in Group 2 |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Decomposition of Group 2 nitrate and temperature |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 3 | Group 2 ethanedioate decomposition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Decomposition of Group 2 nitrate and temperature |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Group 2 nitrate stability and decomposition |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 8 | Group 2 carbonate decomposition and lattice energy |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a)–(b) | 4 | Group 2 nitrate stability and decomposition |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (c) | 4 | Thermal decomposition and ionic polarisation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (c) | 2 | Thermal decomposition of transition metal carbonates |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (e) | 2 | Thermal decomposition of nitrates |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 (c) | 2 | Thermal decomposition of transition metal carbonates |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Trend in Group 2 sulfate solubility |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Trend in Group 2 hydroxide solubility |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Thermal decomposition of hydrogencarbonates |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Trend in Group 2 sulfate solubility |
Chapter 28: Chemistry of Transition Elements
60 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 60 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 6 | Variable oxidation states and iron complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(e) | 9 | Copper and gold complexes, crystal field and shapes |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 7 | Cobalt ion configuration and complex formation |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 7 | Nickel carbonyl and cadmium complex stability |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a)–(c) | 6 | Variable oxidation states and iron complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a)–(e) | 9 | Copper and gold complexes, crystal field and shapes |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 7 | Copper ions and ammonia complexes |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 8 | Cyanide complexes of iron, geometry and ligand bonding |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 8 | Cobalt complexes and crystal field splitting |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 7 | Copper ions and ammonia complexes |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 8 | Cyanide complexes of iron, geometry and ligand bonding |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 1 | Why a d-block metal counts as transition element |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 11 | Complex ions, ligands and stability constants of iron |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Stable oxidation states of iron |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 12 | Complex ions, ligand exchange and titration |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 6 | Shapes and isomerism of complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 7 | Complex formation and ligand shapes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 | 6 | Stability constants and stereoisomers of nickel complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (c) | 5 | Stable oxidation states of iron |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 12 | Complex ions, ligand exchange and titration |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 6 | Shapes and isomerism of complexes |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 12 | Transition element properties and silver complexes |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 (c)–(e) | 6 | Colour and stereoisomerism of iron complex |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 14 | Transition metal ions, ligands and stereoisomerism |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 12 | Transition element properties and silver complexes |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (c)–(e) | 6 | Colour and stereoisomerism of iron complex |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 14 | Iron complexes, ligand exchange and stability constants |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 10 | Ruthenium complexes and ligand bonding |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Cobalt aqua and ligand-exchange complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 7 | Catalysis, complex shapes and stability constant |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 6 | Ligand types and stereoisomers of nickel complex |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 8 | Stability constants and colour of complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 10 | Ligand types, complex isomers and stereoisomerism |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Cobalt aqua and ligand-exchange complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 7 | Catalysis, complex shapes and stability constant |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 6 | Ligand types and stereoisomers of nickel complex |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q1 (c)–(f) | 15 | Copper and chromium complexes, EDTA, colour |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 11 | Stereoisomerism and synthesis of ligand complexes |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 12 | Cobalt complexes, ligands and stereoisomers |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q1 (c)–(f) | 15 | Copper and chromium complexes, EDTA, colour |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 11 | Stereoisomerism and synthesis of ligand complexes |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 8 | Electron configuration and properties of a d-block ion |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 3 | Transition element properties and variable oxidation state |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (e)–(f) | 11 | Ligands, complex formation and stability constants |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 7 | Transition element orbitals and nickel complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 11 | Copper complexes, ligand exchange and stability |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 11 | Copper complexes, ligand exchange, bidentate ligands |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 8 | Cobalt complexes, observations and stability constant |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 7 | Transition element orbitals and nickel complexes |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 11 | Copper complexes, ligand exchange and stability |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 2 | Transition element definition and d orbital shape |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (d)–(e) | 7 | Manganese oxides and ion reactions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a)–(c) | 8 | Crystal field splitting, bidentate ligand, complex stability |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 (c)–(e) | 9 | Complex ions, shapes, stability constants |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 9 | Transition element properties, colour and complexes |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 2 | Transition element definition and d orbital shape |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 (d)–(e) | 7 | Manganese oxides and ion reactions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a)–(c) | 8 | Crystal field splitting, bidentate ligand, complex stability |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 6 | Transition element definition and ion colour |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 (d) | 8 | Ligands, coordination number and complex formation |
Chapter 29: An Introduction to A Level Organic Chemistry
31 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 31 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 2 | Stereoisomers of a carbonyl compound |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (g) | 3 | Optical activity of amino acid |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 3 | Bonding and hybridisation in benzene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 1 | Naming a disubstituted benzene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (f) | 4 | Functional groups in a drug |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 1 | Enantiomer definition |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 1 | Naming a disubstituted benzene |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 1 | Hybridisation of carbons in an arene |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a)–(e) | 5 | Optical isomerism of an amino acid |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (b)–(d) | 5 | Structure and stability of benzene isomers |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a) | 3 | Chiral centres and functional groups in a drug |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (b)–(d) | 5 | Structure and stability of benzene isomers |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 3 | Chiral centres and functional groups in a drug |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a) | 1 | Functional groups in a natural product |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 1 | Functional groups in a natural product |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Hybridisation and bonding in benzene |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 3 | Chiral centres and drug chirality |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Hybridisation and bonding in benzene |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 3 | Shape and bonding of benzene |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (e) | 3 | Enantiomers and chiral synthesis |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 3 | Chiral centres in an amino compound |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a) | 1 | Bond angle and hybridisation in benzene |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 3 | Chiral centres in an amino compound |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 1 | Bond angle and hybridisation in benzene |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Aromaticity and hybridisation of pyridine |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 (a) | 1 | Racemic mixture definition |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 2 | Functional groups and hybridisation of a drug |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Aromaticity and hybridisation of pyridine |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (a) | 1 | Racemic mixture definition |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 2 | Functional groups and hybridisation of a drug |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Functional groups and chiral centres |
Chapter 30: Hydrocarbons (A Level)
35 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 35 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b) | 2 | Side-chain oxidation of methylbenzene |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 5 | Directing effects and carbon-carbon bond formation on arene |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b)–(c) | 4 | Friedel-Crafts methylation mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b) | 2 | Side-chain oxidation of methylbenzene |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 5 | Directing effects and carbon-carbon bond formation on arene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (c) | 4 | Side-chain oxidation of alkylbenzene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a) | 6 | Electrophilic bromination mechanism |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 4 | Nitration mechanism of methylbenzene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c) | 4 | Side-chain oxidation of alkylbenzene |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 6 | Electrophilic bromination mechanism |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 6 | Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 7 | Alkylation of benzene and side-chain oxidation |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 6 | Two-step synthesis of aromatic diacid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a)–(e) | 8 | Electrophilic chlorination of benzene mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 7 | Alkylation of benzene and side-chain oxidation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (f) | 6 | Friedel-Crafts reaction mechanism |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 3 | Preparing nitro-substituted aromatic acid |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (f) | 6 | Friedel-Crafts reaction mechanism |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 12 | Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 (c) | 2 | Hydrogenation of aromatic ring |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 2 | Oxidation of side chain and arene routes |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 7 | Chlorination of methylbenzene under different conditions |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (c) | 2 | Hydrogenation of aromatic ring |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (b) | 5 | Aromatic synthesis steps |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a)–(c) | 10 | Reactions and mechanism of methylbenzene |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 5 | Aromatic synthesis steps |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Preparing phenylamine from benzene |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 9 | Electrophilic substitution of aromatic ring |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 (b) | 4 | Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 8 | Alkylation of benzene |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 4 | Friedel-Crafts alkylation mechanism |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 (e) | 3 | Electrophilic substitution mechanism on a ring |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 10 | Nitration of substituted benzenes and directing effects |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 (e) | 3 | Electrophilic substitution mechanism on a ring |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 5 | Multi-step synthesis from benzene |
Chapter 31: Halogen Compounds (A Level)
9 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (c) | 3 | Reactivity of aryl and benzyl halides |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (c) | 3 | Reactivity of aryl and benzyl halides |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Reactivity of alkyl and aryl chlorides |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Reactivity of alkyl and aryl chlorides |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (f) | 3 | Reactivity of alkyl versus aryl chloride |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 9 | Reactivity and reactions of halogenated compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 (c) | 3 | Reactivity of alkyl versus aryl halide |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q8 (c) | 3 | Reactivity of alkyl versus aryl halide |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 9 | Nucleophilic substitution mechanism from kinetic evidence |
Chapter 32: Hydroxy Compounds (A Level)
14 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 14 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b)–(c) | 3 | Phenol nitration and reaction with sodium |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (e) | 4 | Relative acidity of hydroxy compounds |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (d) | 9 | Phenol bromination and azo coupling |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 5 | Acidity and bromination of phenol |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 5 | Acidity and bromination of phenol |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Phenol reactions and salicylic acid synthesis |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Phenol reactions and salicylic acid synthesis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 (b) | 3 | Bromine with phenol ring |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 3 | Bromine with phenol ring |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 8 | Phenol reactivity and reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 3 | Relative acidity of aromatic compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (c) | 3 | Substitution on a phenol ring |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 4 | Relative acidity of hydroxy compounds and acids |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (d)–(e) | 7 | Phenol reactions compared with benzene |
Chapter 33: Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives (A Level)
28 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 1 (Multiple Choice): 1 question
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 13 | Q3 | Addition-elimination between amine and acyl chloride |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 27 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Relative acidity of haloacids and ethanol |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (d) | 5 | Hydrolysis mechanism of acyl halide |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (d) | 3 | Diacid chloride formation and reactions |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Relative acidity of haloacids and ethanol |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (d) | 5 | Hydrolysis mechanism of acyl halide |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 7 | Distinguishing acids, acidity of chloro-acid |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 4 | Acylation and reduction of nitrophenol |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 7 | Distinguishing acids, acidity of chloro-acid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (e) | 1 | Anhydride formation from diacid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 2 | Acyl chloride formation from diacid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (c) | 2 | Acid strength of diacid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (e) | 1 | Anhydride formation from diacid |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Hydrolysis of amide and ester groups |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (d) | 4 | Addition-elimination of acyl chloride with ammonia |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 6 | Acidity of chloro-acids and acyl chloride formation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Hydrolysis of amide and ester groups |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 13 | Acyl chloride formation, esterification and relative hydrolysis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 (d) | 5 | Acylation mechanism of amine |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 13 | Acyl chloride formation, esterification and relative hydrolysis |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (d) | 4 | Acyl bromide formation from acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 5 | Functional groups and hydrolysis of drug molecule |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b) | 3 | Acyl chloride acylation of amino acid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 16 | Acidity of aromatic compounds, acyl chlorides, polyanhydride |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b) | 6 | Amide formation by addition-elimination |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 16 | Acidity of aromatic compounds, acyl chlorides, polyanhydride |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Hydrolysis of ester under alkaline conditions |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 6 | Acyl chloride formation and addition-elimination |
Chapter 34: Nitrogen Compounds (A Level)
46 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 46 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (d) | 3 | Azo compound synthesis |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Basicity of amides and amine preparation routes |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a)–(c) | 5 | Amino acid forms, reduction of amino acids |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (e)–(f) | 5 | Hydrolysis of amide and amino acid polymer |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (d) | 3 | Azo compound synthesis |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Basicity of amides and amine preparation routes |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 10 | Reduction routes and basicity of amines |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 6 | Basicity of amines |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 9 | Dipeptide, electrophoresis and amino acid derivatives |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 10 | Reduction routes and basicity of amines |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a)–(c) | 11 | Basicity of amines and amides, hydrolysis of amides |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 (c) | 2 | Diazonium route to phenol |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (h) | 3 | Amino acid ionic forms in electrophoresis |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (c) | 2 | Diazonium route to phenol |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 6 | Diazonium coupling in azo dye synthesis |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a)–(c) | 8 | Basicity and reactions of aromatic amines |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (e)–(f) | 4 | Amino acid ionic forms and dipeptide |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (e) | 5 | Diazonium route to aryl iodide |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 12 | Amino acid properties and amide basicity |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a)–(c) | 7 | Azo dye synthesis and reagents |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 (d)–(f) | 8 | Amide hydrolysis, reduction and products |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a)–(c) | 9 | Amine synthesis, basicity and diazonium coupling |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a)–(c) | 7 | Azo dye synthesis and reagents |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (d)–(f) | 8 | Amide hydrolysis, reduction and products |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (c) | 1 | Naming an aryl-alkyl amine |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 (a)–(b) | 6 | Functional groups and hydrolysis of amino acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Relative basicity of amine and amide |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (c)–(d) | 6 | Dipeptide structure and electrophoresis |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (c) | 1 | Naming an aryl-alkyl amine |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q6 (a)–(b) | 6 | Functional groups and hydrolysis of amino acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Relative basicity of amine and amide |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c)–(d) | 6 | Dipeptide structure and electrophoresis |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 8 | Amine synthesis and relative basicity |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (d) | 5 | Reactions of phenylamine, diazonium coupling |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b)–(d) | 14 | Amide formation, amino acid and polyamide chemistry |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 4 | Diazonium and dye synthesis from nitro compound |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 2 | Amino acid forms at different pH |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b)–(d) | 14 | Amide formation, amino acid and polyamide chemistry |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 (c)–(e) | 7 | Amino acid ionic forms, peptides, electrophoresis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (c) | 1 | Basicity of an amine drug |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 6 | Azo dye synthesis through diazonium |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 3 | Relative basicity of amines |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (c)–(e) | 7 | Amino acid ionic forms, peptides, electrophoresis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c) | 1 | Basicity of an amine drug |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 7 | Amino acid properties and isoelectric point |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 1 | Amine as nucleophile |
Chapter 35: Polymerisation (A Level)
12 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 2 (AS Level Structured): 3 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Polymer formed from hydroxy acid |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 (b) | 3 | Polymer formed from hydroxy acid |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 (d) | 3 | Polymer formed from hydroxy acid |
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (c) | 3 | Polyamide repeat unit |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c) | 3 | Polyamide repeat unit |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 4 | Types of polymerisation |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 3 | Condensation polyester from a diacid |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Condensation polymer route using alkene diol |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 4 | Polyester structure from hydroxy acid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 (c) | 4 | Addition and condensation polymers of a monomer |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q6 (c) | 4 | Addition and condensation polymers of a monomer |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 (c)–(e) | 5 | Condensation polymers: monomers and biodegradation |
Chapter 36: Organic Synthesis (A Level)
8 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (d)–(h) | 7 | Multi-step synthesis of substituted benzoic acid |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (d) | 7 | Multi-step aromatic synthesis route |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 5 | Protecting and converting a diol acid |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 15 | Reaction scheme with acid chloride and amine |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 15 | Reaction scheme with acid chloride and amine |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (d) | 3 | Reagents for a multi-step synthesis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (d)–(e) | 6 | Multi-step synthesis reagents |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (d)–(e) | 6 | Multi-step synthesis reagents |
Chapter 37: Analytical Techniques (A Level)
39 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 4 (A Level Structured): 39 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 7 | Chromatography terms and NMR peak counts |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c)–(d) | 6 | Proton and carbon-13 NMR of isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 7 | Chromatography terms and NMR peak counts |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b) | 6 | Proton NMR of aromatic isomers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 6 | NMR spectra of a cyclic ester |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b) | 6 | Proton NMR of aromatic isomers |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (c) | 6 | Carbon-13 NMR of an aromatic compound |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (d) | 6 | Proton NMR identification |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (f)–(g) | 4 | Proton and carbon-13 NMR of amino acids |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (d) | 6 | Proton NMR identification |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 (e) | 1 | Proton NMR peak count |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b)–(c) | 5 | Chromatography and NMR of esters |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (c) | 6 | Proton NMR with iodoform test deduction |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 (e) | 1 | Proton NMR peak count |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b)–(c) | 5 | Chromatography and NMR of esters |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 5 | Proton NMR of an amino acid |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (d) | 1 | Carbon-13 NMR peak count |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 2 | Carbon-13 NMR of aromatic compounds |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b)–(c) | 8 | Proton NMR and chromatography of lactic acid |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (d) | 1 | Carbon-13 NMR peak count |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (d) | 1 | Carbon-13 NMR peak count |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 (e) | 4 | Proton NMR of amino acid ester |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (c) | 6 | Interpreting proton NMR spectrum |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 (d) | 1 | Carbon-13 NMR peak count |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (e) | 4 | Proton NMR of amino acid ester |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (f) | 4 | Carbon-13 and proton NMR of a drug |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 4 | Thin-layer chromatography of metal ions |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 12 | Gas chromatography and NMR of esters |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 10 | Proton and carbon-13 NMR of isomers |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 (d) | 2 | Thin-layer chromatography |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 12 | Gas chromatography and NMR of esters |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 (b) | 1 | NMR of an enantiomer |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 (f)–(g) | 3 | Chromatography and GC-MS analysis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b) | 1 | Predicting proton NMR peaks |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 8 | Proton NMR of isomers and TMS use |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (b) | 1 | NMR of an enantiomer |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (f)–(g) | 3 | Chromatography and GC-MS analysis |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b) | 1 | Predicting proton NMR peaks |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (e)–(f) | 7 | TLC and proton NMR of a drug |
Revise the chapter before you practise. Our AS & A Level Chemistry 9701 notes cover every syllabus statement with worked examples, common mistakes from examiner reports, 20 MCQs per chapter and original exam-style questions with full mark schemes.
Index updated 2026-11-02. Spotted a question in the wrong chapter? Tell us on WhatsApp and we will fix it.