Free resource · Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625
IGCSE Physics 0625 past paper questions by topic (2022–2025)
Every question from the 84 Extended papers of 2022–2025 — Paper 2 (Multiple Choice), Paper 4 (Theory), Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical) — sorted into the 24 chapters of our Physics notes: 1,596 questions. Pick a chapter, then open the official paper and go straight to the question number. Questions on content that is no longer in the current syllabus are left out.
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- Measurement and Motion (108)
- Mass, Weight and Density (61)
- Effects of Forces (66)
- Moments and Centre of Gravity (36)
- Momentum (46)
- Energy and Work (53)
- Energy Resources and Power (41)
- Pressure (33)
- The Kinetic Particle Model (76)
- Thermal Properties and Temperature (77)
- Transfer of Thermal Energy (79)
- General Properties of Waves (58)
- Reflection and Refraction of Light (83)
- Lenses and Dispersion (62)
- The Electromagnetic Spectrum (44)
- Sound (44)
- Magnetism (28)
- Electrical Quantities (130)
- Electric Circuits (98)
- Electrical Safety and the Motor Effect (49)
- Induction, Generators and Transformers (69)
- The Nucleus and Nuclear Radiation (85)
- Radioactive Decay and Half-life (73)
- Space Physics (97)
Chapter 1: Measurement and Motion
108 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 72 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Measuring the diameter of a ball | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Average speed over two stages | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Pair of vector quantities | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Deceleration from a speed–time graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 | Period of a pendulum from timer readings | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Average speed during constant deceleration | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Terminal velocity: velocity and acceleration | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Speed–time graph: sections showing deceleration | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Instrument for volume of an irregular stone | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Motion of a ball falling freely | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Acceleration from velocity–time graph | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q1 | Quantity measured with a ruler | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Average speed on a winding road | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Area under a speed–time graph | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Definitions of speed and velocity | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Speed–time graph: identifying a stationary section | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Reading a length to the nearest millimetre | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Distance from average speed and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Resultant force on a ball falling through air | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Acceleration of free fall | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Resultant of two perpendicular forces | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Average speed over a two-part journey | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Speed–time graph of a falling light ball | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 | List containing only vector quantities | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Velocity–time graph of an elevator | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Classifying scalar and vector quantities | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Choosing a measuring cylinder and reading the meniscus | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Meaning of area under speed–time graph | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q1 | Measuring the volume of an irregular stone | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Identifying a vector quantity | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Average speed from distance and time | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Speed–time graph: greatest acceleration and deceleration | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Volume of a sphere by displacement | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Scalar and vector quantities | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Identifying a vector quantity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Speed–time graph: decelerating section | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Speed–time graph for terminal velocity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Identifying a scalar quantity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Measurements for average speed | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Motion from images at regular intervals | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 | Counting scalar quantities | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Interpreting a graph of a train's motion | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Speed–time graph: describing motion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Vector diagram for a resultant force | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Terminal velocity: air resistance and acceleration | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Distance from area under speed–time graph | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Resultant of perpendicular forces | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Falling ball reaching terminal velocity | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Distance from area under speed–time graph | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q1 | Distance at constant speed from speed–time graph | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Forces on an accelerating falling object | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Resultant velocity with a cross-wind | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Scalar and vector quantities | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Speed–time graph: describing motion | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Constant acceleration from distance data | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Motion from a speed table | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Speed–time graphs: least distance travelled | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Distance from a velocity–time graph | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q1 | Choosing instruments for length measurements | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Length of a train from speed and time | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Speed–time graph: gradient and area | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Resultant of two forces by scale drawing | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Length of a train from speed and time | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Acceleration as gradient of speed–time graph | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Resultant of two perpendicular forces | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q2 | Length of a train from speed and time | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Terminal velocity of a skydiver | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Vector addition: identifying the resultant | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Pendulum timing: period from repeated readings | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Free-fall acceleration without air resistance | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Final speed from acceleration and time | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Identifying a vector quantity |
Paper 4 (Theory): 27 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 8 | Train: speed and velocity, kinetic energy, braking |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Scalar and vector quantities |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 11 | Falling balls: speed–time graph, air resistance, bouncing |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 8 | Vectors; train speed–time graph |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 7 | Ice skater speed–time graph: distance and deceleration |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 7 | Braking car speed–time graph: distance and deceleration |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Train acceleration and time to top speed |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 9 | Drag car: momentum, distance from graph and energy |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 8 | Rocket: weight, speed–time graph and terminal velocity |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 7 | Scalars and vectors; car crash test graph |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 10 | Ball falling through oil: acceleration and resultant force |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 6 | Train: acceleration time and force |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 9 | Ball thrown upwards: deceleration, height and terminal velocity |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 3 | Describing motion from a speed–time graph |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 13 | Car motion: acceleration, graph, work done in braking |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 9 | Swimmer crossing a river: resultant velocity |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Motorcycle acceleration on a straight track |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 7 | Parachutist: speed–time graph and terminal velocity |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 6 | Boat crossing a river: resultant velocity; scalars and vectors |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Features and examples of vector quantities |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 6 | Timing a pendulum; choosing measuring devices |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 8 | Aeroplane take-off: acceleration and resultant force |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 9 | Braking car: deceleration from a distance–time graph |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Canoe in a river: resultant velocity |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a) | 5 | Vector diagram: resultant of two rope tensions |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Identifying vector quantities |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 8 | Speed–time graph: rolling ball, acceleration and distance |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Volume of a clay block by two methods |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Internal diameter of a test-tube from volume and height |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Period of a pendulum and its length |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Estimating number of slides from measurements |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: slope angle and average speed of a trolley |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Period of a pendulum and its length |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: range of a launched ball |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Period of a pendulum and length |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Boiling tube diameter from volume and height |
Chapter 2: Mass, Weight and Density
61 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 51 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Description of a gravitational field | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Why one liquid floats on another | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Weight of a space probe on Mars | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Determining density and floating order | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Instrument used to compare masses | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Order of liquid layers from densities | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Comparing blocks using force meters | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Apparatus to find density of a necklace | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Compressed material: mass, volume and density | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Apparatus to find density of copper | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Statements about weight | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Liquid layers from mass and volume | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Mass and weight on the Moon | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Mass and weight with distance from Earth | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Statements about gravitational field strength | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Floating block in layered liquids | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Mass and weight on a planet with stronger field | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Coolant liquids floating on water | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Definition of mass | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Mass and weight in a different field | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Density from mass and volume | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Weight from mass and field strength | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Density of air in a sealed container | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Gravitational field strength statements | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Liquid densities: order of layers | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Liquid layers from mass and volume | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Density of a ball filling with water | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Volume of air from mass and density | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Spring stretch with mass on the Moon | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Spring balance: comparing weights of goods | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Density of a stone: apparatus needed | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Statements about mass and weight | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Weights of spheres on Earth and Mars | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Quantities needed for density | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Methods of comparing masses | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Weight at different gravitational field strengths | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Mass of water from volume and density | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q3 | Weight as effect of a gravitational field | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Density of a rectangular block | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Relationship between mass and weight | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Apparatus to find density of a liquid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q3 | Weight as effect of a gravitational field | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Apparatus to find density of a liquid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q4 | Free fall on the Moon: equal acceleration | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Liquid density using balance and cylinder | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Free fall on the Moon: equal acceleration | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Liquid density using balance and cylinder | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q4 | Free fall on the Moon: equal acceleration | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Liquid density using balance and cylinder | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Mass and weight on different planets | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Density of a rock: measurements needed |
Paper 4 (Theory): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 8 | Mars: field strength, weight, volume; forces on a buggy |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Density of a liquid and pressure on a block |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 5 | Mass and density of a metre ruler |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 2 | Mass from weight |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 7 | Floating oil; volume and mass of an object |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a) | 2 | Why a steel ship floats: density |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 4 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Density of a ball using blocks and a balance |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Density of modelling clay by two methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Density of sand by two methods |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Measuring marble diameter and density |
Chapter 3: Effects of Forces
66 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 37 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Unit of spring constant | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Equal opposing forces on a moving car | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q2 | Resultant of four forces on an aircraft | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Spring constant from two loads | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Forces on a block: equilibrium | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Factors increasing change in motion | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Mass from spring constant and extension | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Resultant of horizontal forces on a car | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Circular track: direction of resultant force | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q1 | Resultant of three forces along a line | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Limit of proportionality on a load–extension graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Car on a bend: direction of resultant force | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Engine and drag forces: motion of a car | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Two forces: which object is in equilibrium | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Three forces on a beam: possible equilibrium | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Property that forces cannot change | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q2 | Resultant of two forces along a line | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Moving objects with a resultant force | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Forces on objects: equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Satellite in circular orbit: resultant force | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Forces on objects: equilibrium | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Force needed for circular motion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Forces on a book in an accelerating train | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Towing: accelerations after the rope breaks | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Driving force and resistance at constant speed | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Spring constant from length change | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q4 | Driving force, drag and acceleration | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Forces on an object at constant speed | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Spring extension from load data | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Circular track: direction of resultant force | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Circular motion: direction of the force | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Circular motion: direction of the force | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Circular motion: direction of resultant force | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Circular motion: direction of resultant force | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Pulling force from friction and acceleration | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Resultant force from change in speed | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Limit of proportionality and Hooke's law |
Paper 4 (Theory): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a) | 5 | Truck acceleration: resultant force |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (b) | 3 | Car on a circular track: direction of force |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 1 | Braking distance on a wet road |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Effects of a resultant force on motion |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 (c) | 2 | Capsule falling at terminal velocity |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 6 | Spring constant from a force–extension graph |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Force causing acceleration; effect of headwind |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 8 | Spring: extension, spring constant and acceleration of a mass |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Experiment to find spring constant |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 (b) | 3 | Baby bouncer spring calculation |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 6 | Resultant force by scale diagram; effects of forces |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (b) | 4 | Resultant of two forces on a balloon |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a) | 4 | Spring constant from an extension–load graph |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 (b) | 3 | Car on a corner: direction of resultant force |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Circular motion around a bend: velocity and force |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q1 (a) | 4 | Hovering helicopter: conditions for equilibrium |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q1 | 7 | Helium balloon: weight, acceleration and distance |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (b) | 6 | Load–extension of a spring |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 9 | Connected masses: resultant force and acceleration |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (a) | 6 | Electric car: acceleration time and force |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 5 | Spring balance: Hooke's law and limit of proportionality |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Spring extension graph used to find a mass |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Spring constant from load–extension graph |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: bending of composite wooden strips |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 13 | Spring constant by oscillation and extension methods |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Stretching a spring: load–extension graph |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Spring constant from load and extension |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: force to break sand–cement beams |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Spring extension used to find weight of a rule |
Chapter 4: Moments and Centre of Gravity
36 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 19 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Statements about the moment of a force | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Increasing the moment on a spanner | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Which beam is balanced | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Drawbridge: moments about a hinge | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Clockwise and anticlockwise moments on a beam | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Cutters: positions for greatest cutting force | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Moments on a beam with three forces | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q6 | Pivoted rod: which forces give equilibrium | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Beams on pivots: which is not in equilibrium | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Rebalancing a beam after adding a mass | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Lever: reducing the force needed | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q7 | See-saw: principle of moments | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q5 | Wheelbarrow: force from moments | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q5 | Metre rule on two supports: moments | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q5 | Rod with pulleys in equilibrium: moments | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Pivoted beam: balancing force from moments | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Pivoted beam: balancing force from moments | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Pivoted beam: balancing force from moments | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Balanced metre rule: moments and pivot force |
Paper 4 (Theory): 8 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q2 (b) | 4 | Demonstrating equilibrium with a metre ruler |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 2 | Moments and centre of gravity of a metre ruler |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 8 | Moments, toppling block and equilibrium |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Car park barrier: moments and equilibrium |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a) | 4 | Seesaw: moments and balancing mass |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 6 | Radio mast: centre of gravity, stability and moments |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (b) | 2 | Stability of a loaded ship |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 8 | Rock climber in equilibrium: moments |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Balancing a metre ruler: weight of an object |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Forces supporting a metre ruler: weight of the ruler |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Mass of a metre rule by balancing |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Weight of a metre ruler by balancing |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 61 | Q1 | 11 | Balancing a metre ruler with different loads |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Mass of a metre ruler by balancing |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Balancing a metre rule: distance of a load |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Balancing a metre rule: ratio of masses |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Forces supporting a metre rule: weight of the rule |
Chapter 5: Momentum
46 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 33 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Resultant force from rate of change of momentum | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Collision of two balls: momentum | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Kicked ball: mass from impulse | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Statements about momentum and impulse | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Force from change in momentum of a ball | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Trucks coupling: velocity after collision | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Momentum calculation | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Impulse: contact time from force and momentum | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Equation for change in momentum | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Expression for impulse | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Impulse from change in velocity | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q6 | Change in momentum of a rebounding ball | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q6 | Bending knees on landing: force and impulse | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Bullet into block: speed after collision | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Change in momentum with direction reversal | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Head-on collision: impulse and velocities | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Relationships between force, momentum and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Impulse to accelerate a car | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Time of force from change in momentum | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Change in velocity from force and time | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Impulse on a ball rebounding from a wall | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Impulse: force and time for momentum change | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Force on a hose from momentum change of water | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Trolley collision: velocity after impact | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q7 | Impulse equation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Situations where momentum changes | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Collision: speed of first ball after impact | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Definition of impulse | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Collision: conservation of momentum | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Equation for impulse | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Collision: conservation of momentum | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Impulse and change in velocity | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Cannon recoil: momentum and kinetic energy |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 5 | Catching a cricket ball: momentum change and force |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 7 | Momentum: toy train collision and stopping force |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 4 | Space vehicle: momentum and ejecting a nose cone |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 7 | Trolley collision and stopping force |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 5 | Golf ball: momentum and impulse |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 8 | Trolleys pushed apart by a spring: momentum and energy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 (b) | 4 | Impulse and a rubber safety floor |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 6 | Impulse and thrust from rocket exhaust |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a) | 6 | Balloon on a string: momentum and thrust |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 8 | Ball hitting an object: momentum and kinetic energy |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 3 | Catching a ball: force from momentum change |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 8 | Connected blocks: g.p.e. change and impulse |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a) | 6 | Tennis ball and racket: momentum change and impulse |
Chapter 6: Energy and Work
53 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 36 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Energy changes of a mass on a spring | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Device transferring chemical to kinetic energy | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Maximum height from kinetic energy | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Speed of a dropped stone from energy | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Kinetic energy when speed doubles | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Energy of a projected object reaching a cliff | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Gain in gravitational potential energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Loss of gravitational potential energy on a slope | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Long-jumper: energy at take-off and landing | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q7 | Speed of a falling stone from energy | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Waterfall: temperature rise from energy transfer | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q3 | Energy stores for a falling ball | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Energy transfers for a cyclist braking downhill | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Loss of gravitational potential energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Energy changes on a rollercoaster | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Box sliding down a slope: work and energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Energy stores of a mass bouncing on a spring | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Work done pulling an object up a slope | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Energy stores in different processes | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Speed from kinetic energy | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Energy stores and transfers in a phone | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Energy transfers by forces and currents | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Gravitational potential energy equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Energy transfer when braking | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Final kinetic energy after work done | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Energy changes of a falling object | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Mechanical work in lifting a mass | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Energy changes of a falling object | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Work done pulling a skier up a slope | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Conditions that increase work done | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Oscillating mass on a spring: energy stores | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Braking force from kinetic energy and distance | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Energy changes of a dropped ball | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Energy store in a stretched spring | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Kinetic energy after work against resistance | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Energy transfer as a toy slows down |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 5 | Tennis ball thrown upwards: energy and speed |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 6 | Skateboarder: energy transfers and work done |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 7 | Archer: work done and arrow speed |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 6 | Falling ball: energy stores and maximum speed |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q1 (b) | 5 | Braking bus: kinetic energy and braking force |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q1 | 9 | Bouncing ball: energy and momentum |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Kinetic energy of a cricket ball |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 2 | Gravitational potential energy of a lifted container |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 (b) | 3 | Change in kinetic energy on impact |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (a) | 1 | Energy stored in water in a reservoir |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a) | 4 | Kinetic energy of a falling magnet |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 (b) | 2 | Kinetic energy of a canoeist |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q2 (c) | 2 | Gain in gravitational potential energy |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 4 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: ball rolling on a curved track |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: ball rolling down a track and landing distance |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: ball rolling off a track |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: temperature and bounce height of a ball |
Chapter 7: Energy Resources and Power
41 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 27 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Meaning of high efficiency | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Energy resource storing kinetic energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Energy resource with the Sun as source | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Energy resources whose energy comes from the Sun | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Energy resource not derived from the Sun | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Efficiency values: spotting an impossible one | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Nuclear fuel as an energy resource | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Sankey diagram: wasted energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Sun's energy: release, transfer and storage | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Efficiency of a lifting machine | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Energy resources that derive from the Sun | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q8 | Energy transfers in a coal-fired power station | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Energy resources and the Sun as source | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Power of a pump from work and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Power of a car charger | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Meaning of a power rating | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Power: run with greatest useful power | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Power input from efficiency and output | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Quantities needed to calculate power | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Problems in designing a fusion reactor | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Meaning of a large engine power | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Efficiency from power and useful energy | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Unit of power | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Effect of increasing power | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Power to lift a book onto a shelf | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Power developed lifting body weight | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Efficiency of a hydroelectric scheme |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 9 | Solar cell: energy transfer, efficiency and kW h |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 10 | Solar panels: power, a.c. and d.c., battery charge |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 6 | Power station Sankey diagram and geothermal energy |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 7 | Energy resources and wind turbine efficiency |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 8 | Solar shower: black surface, renewables and heating water |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 (c)–(d) | 5 | Solar cell efficiency and advantages |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 7 | Generating electricity from water; energy resources |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 6 | Energy resources: Sun and renewability |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 7 | Conservation of energy, kW h and energy resources |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 8 | Tidal and other energy resources; tidal turbine |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q3 | 6 | Tidal barrage: energy transfers, advantages and source |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 8 | Electric bicycle battery: energy, power and environment |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q2 | 9 | Hydroelectric power: energy transfer and efficiency |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 1 question
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: comparing efficiency of electric heaters |
Chapter 8: Pressure
33 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Pressure in a flask and a beaker | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Liquid pressure in water and oil | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Narrow and wide wheels: pressure on ground | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q7 | Liquid pressure at depth in two liquids | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Area of an elephant's foot from pressure | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Air pressure at the top of a hill | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Water pressure in tanks of different depth | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Meaning of symbols in the liquid pressure equation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q8 | Maximum depth from total pressure | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q8 | Liquid pressure: finding density | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Graph of water pressure against depth | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Density from the liquid pressure equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Depth from liquid pressure equation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Water pressure at the bottom of a dam | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Total pressure at depth in sea water | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Density from a pressure–depth graph | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Pressure under a rectangular block | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Liquid pressure and force on a tank base | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Pressure at depth in sea water | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Density from liquid pressure | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Pressure at depth in a reservoir | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Pressure at depth in a reservoir | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Pressure at depth in a reservoir | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Pressure of an object on a surface |
Paper 4 (Theory): 9 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a) | 6 | Pressure of car tyres on a road |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (b) | 6 | Floating block: pressure and depth |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 2 | Pressure difference in a column of water |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a) | 3 | Lying on ice: reducing pressure |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q3 (b) | 4 | Floating ice on a pond: pressure and depth |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a) | 3 | Definition of pressure and liquid pressure |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a) | 4 | Force on a piston from atmospheric pressure |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q1 | 9 | Sea water tank: depth, g.p.e. loss and pressure |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q2 (b)–(c) | 7 | Pressure at a turbine and flow energy |
Chapter 9: The Kinetic Particle Model
76 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 63 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Cooling gas in a stoppered flask | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Statements about Brownian motion | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Tyre pressure rise: particle speed and temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Kelvin temperatures for liquid water | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Particle arrangements of three substances | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Cooled football: pressure and particles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Pressure change on compressing a gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Changes of state needing energy input | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Hot gas and cool liquid: particle separation and motion | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Gas pressure after expansion at constant temperature | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Gas pressure rise on heating | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q10 | States of matter that take container shape | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Collision of smoke particle and molecule | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Bubble rising: pressure–volume at constant temperature | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Particle structure of a gas | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Gas heated at fixed volume | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Gas pressure from particle collisions | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Name of the change from solid to liquid | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Gas pressure rise at constant volume | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Pressure–volume of a gas at constant temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Heated air in a container: pressure increase | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q12 | State with only vibrating particles | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Gas pressure in a larger cube | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Names of changes of state | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Gas heated in a sealed container | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Compressed air at constant temperature | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q9 | Changes of state: melting and condensation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q10 | Gas pressure after compression at constant temperature | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q11 | Pressure–volume graph for a gas | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Names of changes of state | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Brownian motion of pollen grains | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Volume–pressure graph for a gas | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q9 | Particle behaviour on melting | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q10 | Description of Brownian motion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q11 | Gas compressed: particle collisions with walls | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Pressure–volume graph for a compressed gas | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q9 | Changes of state: correct terms | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Brownian motion of pollen grains | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Particles in a liquid: forces and motion | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Why gases are easily compressed | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Gas expanding at constant pressure: collisions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q12 | States in which Brownian motion is seen | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Pressure–volume graph at constant temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Heated sealed air: particle speed and spacing | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Pressure–volume curve for air | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Brownian motion of pollen on water | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Statements about evaporation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Meaning of absolute zero | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Absolute zero and particle energy | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Particles after condensation | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Gas pressure and temperature: particle explanation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Gas heated at constant volume: particle energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Pressure–volume graph at constant temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q12 | Pressure–volume graph at constant temperature | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Cooling gas at constant volume: pressure | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Condensation on a cold glass | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Gas pressure: temperature and volume changes | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Brownian motion of pollen particles | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Condensation on a cold glass | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Gas pressure from particle collisions | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Cooling gas at constant volume | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Condensation on a cold glass | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Brownian motion of smoke particles |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 8 | Gas compressed at constant temperature; compressibility |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b)–(c) | 6 | Liquid oxygen: kelvin temperature and gas pressure |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q3 (b) | 3 | Gas released into balloons: pressure and volume |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Why liquids are hard to compress |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Heated bottle: air pressure explained with particles |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 9 | Absolute zero, kelvin and gas pressure |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (b) | 4 | Heated helium balloon: particle motion and volume |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a)–(b) | 6 | Gas pressure, temperature and absolute zero |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (c) | 3 | Gas compressed at constant temperature |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q4 (c)–(d) | 5 | Cooled gas and metal: particle explanations |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 8 | Gas pressure: particles, temperature and volume |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 6 | Brownian motion of smoke particles |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Heated air: internal energy and pressure |
Chapter 10: Thermal Properties and Temperature
77 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 48 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Thermal expansion of overhead cables | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Mixing a hot block with water: final temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Energy lost by cooling water | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Temperature during melting | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Energy to warm ice | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Meaning of specific heat capacity | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q13 | What escapes during evaporation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Thermal expansion of air in a flask | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Specific heat capacity experiment | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Apparatus for specific heat capacity | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Specific heat capacity of a metal block | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Internal energy of a block warming up | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Evaporation: energetic molecules escaping | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Internal energy of coffee and a swimming pool | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Evaporation rate from mass data | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Comparing specific heat capacities | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Heating curve of ice: change of state | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Specific heat capacity expression | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Evaporation: which particles escape | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Thermal expansion: mass and density | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q12 | Evaporation: where particles escape and cooling | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Weather for fastest evaporation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q12 | Effects caused by thermal expansion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Melting, evaporation, boiling and condensation energy | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Thermometer liquid rising: expansion | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Energy and temperature as ice melts | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Surface area and air flow on evaporation | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Increasing the rate of evaporation | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Specific heat capacity of an aluminium block | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Cooling milk by evaporation from a wet cloth | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Heating water and oil: specific heat capacity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q14 | Evaporation: temperature and rate | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Expression for specific heat capacity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q14 | Evaporation cooling the face | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Factors changing the rate of evaporation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Thermal expansion of solids and gases | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Thermal expansion of a liquid and density | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q13 | Boiling and evaporation compared | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q13 | Best conditions for drying clothes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q13 | Statements about evaporation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Evaporation rate and container shape | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Thermometer: property used to measure temperature | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Thermal expansion: fitting iron into aluminium | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Comparing specific heat capacities of blocks | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Evaporation rate and cooling | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Heating curve of ice: energy and temperature | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Specific heat capacity experiment apparatus | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Boiling compared with evaporation |
Paper 4 (Theory): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Immersion heater warming water |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Evaporation from a puddle |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Gaps in railway tracks: thermal expansion |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 5 | Specific heat capacity: hot metal in water |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 11 | Specific heat capacity: experiment and aluminium dish |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 6 | Pressure cooker: evaporation, boiling and gas pressure |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q3 | 9 | Ice in warm water: particles, energy and internal energy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 2 | Evaporation compared with boiling |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 9 | Heating water in a saucepan: specific heat capacity |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q4 | 8 | Specific heat capacity: heating oil in a pan |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q2 | 6 | Tumble dryer: evaporation and condensation; environment |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 2 | Thermal energy to heat water |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 8 | Filament lamp heating water: internal energy and efficiency |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 7 | Heating room air: specific heat capacity |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (a) | 5 | Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q3 (b) | 5 | Specific heat capacity: definition and experiment |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b)–(c) | 8 | Boiling and specific heat capacity of milk |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 3 | Thermal energy to heat an aluminium block |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Evaporation from dishes in sun and wind |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a) | 3 | Evaporation cooling explained with molecules |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a) | 2 | Meaning of boiling point |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a) | 2 | Definition of specific heat capacity |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q3 | 7 | Evaporation of a puddle and cooling by sweating |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 7 | Heating sand: mass and specific heat capacity |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 5 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: dish diameter and evaporation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Temperature of hot water as cold water is added |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: time for water to evaporate when heated |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Mixing hot and cold water: final temperature |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: heating water with an immersion heater |
Chapter 11: Transfer of Thermal Energy
79 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 39 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q14 | Statements about convection | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Thermal conduction in iron and rubber | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Cooling of shiny and dull cans | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Energy transfer along a lamp filament | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Thermal transfer in a refrigerator | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Electrons and ions in thermal conduction | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Air temperature with height in a cave | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Star size, power and surface temperature | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Copper and wooden rods: conduction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Absorption and emission of radiation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Comparing conduction in metal rods | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Rate of radiation emission from spheres | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q15 | Surface emitting radiation most slowly | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Constant temperature: energy balance | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Comparing conduction in metal and plastic | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Factors affecting rate of thermal radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Statements about thermal energy transfer | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Water as a poor conductor in a test-tube | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q15 | Best surface for a solar water heater | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q15 | Insulation of a polystyrene cup | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Cooling rate and surface area | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Identifying good thermal conductors | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q10 | Conductors and insulators in a pan | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q11 | Best surface for absorbing radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Convection current from a radiator | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Convection circulation from a radiator | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Convection current near a heater | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Thermal energy loss from a can in space | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Which cup keeps coffee warm longest | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Black and white cars heating and cooling | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Conduction along a metal bar | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Bulb colour and absorption of radiation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Conduction mechanism in copper | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Convection current: temperature and density | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Conduction mechanism in copper | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Radiation from containers: size and surface | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Conduction mechanism in copper | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Factors affecting rate of thermal radiation | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Conduction in metals by free electrons |
Paper 4 (Theory): 19 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Conduction along metal and plastic rods |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 (c) | 2 | Plastic pan handle as a thermal insulator |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (d) | 2 | Earth's absorption and emission of radiation |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 (a) | 4 | Convection heating a room |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 4 | Radiation from black and white containers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 3 | Conduction in metal and wood |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Conduction through a copper base |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (a)–(b) | 3 | Electric heater: infrared and reflecting surface |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 | 6 | Heating of a tarmac road and air |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 6 | Conduction in metals, non-metals and gases |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q2 | 6 | Copper pan: conduction, shiny surface, convection |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q3 (a) | 2 | Convection: warm air below the ceiling |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 1 | Double glazing: reducing thermal energy transfer |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q4 (a) | 3 | Two mechanisms of conduction in metals |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (c) | 5 | Experiment comparing black and white emitters |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 6 | Radiation to a worker; conduction into rollers |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q3 (b) | 3 | Thermal conduction by electrons in a metal can |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 9 | Heating of a road and sea breezes |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Thermal energy transfer from heated sand |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Cooling of hot water in a beaker |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: initial temperature and rate of cooling |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling curve of hot water in a beaker |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Effect of insulation on cooling of water |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling curve for water in a metal container |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: surface area and rate of cooling |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 63 | Q1 | 11 | Beaker size and rate of cooling |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Volume of water and rate of cooling |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: insulation thickness and cooling rate |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Cooling of water and starting temperature |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling of hot water in surroundings at different temperatures |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling of hot water in a beaker |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling of water in a beaker with a lid |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: lid thickness and rate of cooling |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling of water from different starting temperatures |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Starting temperature and rate of cooling |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Surface colour and rate of cooling |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Cooling of water in a metal can |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: ranking insulating discs |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Volume of water and rate of cooling |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Air gap insulation and rate of cooling |
Chapter 12: General Properties of Waves
58 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 47 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Changes that increase diffraction | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Wavelength of an earthquake wave | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Statements about longitudinal and transverse waves | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Gap giving least diffraction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Transverse water waves: direction of vibration | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Diffraction: wavelength and gap width | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Identifying amplitude on a wave graph | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Seismic S-wave: type and vibration | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Light waves: type and direction of vibration | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Diffraction of light at a sharp edge | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Wave equation: wavelength when frequency doubles | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Property changed by reflection of waves | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Diffraction pattern at a narrow gap | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Definition of frequency | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Tsunami data: speed and wavelength | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Diffraction of waves entering a harbour | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Water waves: amplitude, wavelength and frequency | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Wavelength of a seismic wave | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Diagram showing diffraction | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q16 | Waves transfer energy, not matter | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Maximum angle between incident and reflected rays | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Longitudinal waves: seismic P-waves | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Increasing diffraction at a gap | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Wavelength of a seismic wave | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Wavelength and diffraction of sound | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Wave diagram: amplitude and wavelength | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Diffraction of sound and light at a gap | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Wave quantities measured in metres | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Wavelength from frequency and velocity | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Name of the effect at a gap | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Diffraction of light in a telescope | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Amplitude and wavelength on a wave | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Displacement–time graphs: amplitude and frequency | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Amplitude and wavelength from a diagram | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Water waves: type and what they transfer | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Wavelength on a transverse wave | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Wavelength from crests per minute and speed | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Reflection and refraction in a ripple tank | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Diffraction through a gap | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q17 | Speed of water waves from frequency | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Condition for refraction of waves | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Amplitude and wavelength from a wave graph | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Amplitude and wavelength from a wave graph | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Wave speed from frequency and wavelength | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Amplitude and wavelength from a wave graph | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Refraction of water ripples | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Diffraction at a gap: increasing spreading |
Paper 4 (Theory): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 4 | Refraction of water waves at a boundary |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 5 | Transverse and longitudinal waves; seismic P-waves |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 6 | Diffraction of light at a narrow slit |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 5 | Diffraction of sound around a doorway |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 5 | Wavelength on a wave diagram and redshift |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 8 | Longitudinal and transverse waves; seismic wave calculations |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 4 | Diffraction through narrow and wide gaps |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 6 | Diffraction of red and blue light at a gap |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 5 | Seismic P- and S-waves: type and wavelength |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 8 | Ripple tank: reflection, diffraction and wave speed |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (a) | 5 | Diffraction of water waves at a gap |
Chapter 13: Reflection and Refraction of Light
83 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 54 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q17 | Angle of incidence from angle to mirror | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Speed of light in a liquid from angles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Image in a mirror: distance and speed | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Conditions for total internal reflection | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Speed of infrared in glass | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Plane mirror scale drawing: angles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Angle of refraction from light speeds | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Reflection from two perpendicular mirrors | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Refractive index from speed of light | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Plane mirror image properties | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Refractive index from angles to the boundary | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Plane mirror image distance and size | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Total internal reflection condition | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Properties of a plane mirror image | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Conditions for total internal reflection | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Refraction: where light slows down | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Critical angle in a plastic wedge | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Angles of incidence and refraction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Reflection from two mirrors | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Conditions for total internal reflection | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Refractive index from ray angles | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Condition for transmission in an optical fibre | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Plane mirror image of a letter | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Refractive index of diamond from angles | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Mirror image of a printed letter | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Speed of light in glass from angles | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Plane mirror image characteristics | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Image position in a plane mirror | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Refractive index from angles | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Speed of light in glass from refraction | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Angles of incidence and reflection | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Refractive index equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Correct image in a plane mirror | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Angle of reflection from angle to mirror | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Angle of refraction from refractive index | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Refractive index from ray angles | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Property unchanged when light enters glass | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Critical angle and refractive index | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Refraction through three materials | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Plane mirror image distance | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Angles of incidence and reflection | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Refractive index from angles | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Image position in a plane mirror | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Angle of incidence from angle to mirror | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Nature of a plane mirror image | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Image position in a plane mirror | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Plane mirror image of a label | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Speed of light from critical angle | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Plane mirror: which images can be seen | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Speed of light from critical angle | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Refraction through a parallel-sided sheet | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Nature of a plane mirror image | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Speed of light from critical angle | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Total internal reflection in an optical fibre |
Paper 4 (Theory): 17 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 8 | Optical fibres: advantages and critical angle |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 4 | Total internal reflection and optical fibres |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 5 | Refraction in a soap film |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 7 | Pool light rays: refractive index and TIR |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 3 | Plane mirror to see round a doorway |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 (a) | 5 | Refraction into plastic: speed and refractive index |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Total internal reflection in an optical fibre |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 6 | Prism: critical angle and path of light |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 3 | Plane mirror at a road junction |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 8 | Glass block: monochromatic light and critical angle |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 7 | Refraction into oil: angle and speed of light |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (b) | 4 | Critical angle and refractive index in an optical fibre |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Semicircular block: critical angle and total internal reflection |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 10 | Monochromatic laser light in a semicircular block |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 7 | Total internal reflection and critical angle in a liquid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a)–(b) | 4 | Plane mirror: field of view and image properties |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Plane mirror: ray diagram and image of a clock |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Refraction through a transparent block |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 62 | Q1 | 11 | Reflection of light by a plane mirror |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Reflection in a plane mirror: ray tracing |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: gel concentration and angle of refraction |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Ray tracing through a transparent block |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Refractive index of a transparent block |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 10 | Refractive index from a ray through a block |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Refraction through a semicircular block |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Refraction through a semicircular block |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Reflection by two plane mirrors |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Plane mirror reflection: ray tracing |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Ray tracing through a transparent block |
Chapter 14: Lenses and Dispersion
62 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 34 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Statements about a converging lens | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Dispersion of two beams by a prism | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Long sight and its correction | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Short sight and its correction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q18 | Magnifying glass image properties | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Name for splitting white light | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Magnifying lens image properties | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Image on a screen from a converging lens | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Scale diagram: focal length and image distance | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Object position for a real enlarged image | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Converging lens and a parallel beam | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Real and virtual images from converging lenses | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Dispersion: order of colours from a prism | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Converging lens as a magnifying glass | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Colours in order of wavelength | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Converging and diverging lenses compared | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Ray diagram for a virtual image | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Properties of a real image from a lens | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Focal length from parallel-ray experiments | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Dispersion by a prism | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Real image formed by a camera lens | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q19 | Ray diagram through a converging lens | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q20 | Dispersion of white light by a prism | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q19 | Meaning of monochromatic light | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Dispersion of yellow and blue light by a prism | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q18 | Converging lens as a magnifying glass | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q20 | Order of colours in a spectrum | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Converging lens image: position and size | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Dispersion of white light by a prism | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q19 | Magnifying glass ray diagram | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Focal length on a lens ray diagram | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Real and virtual images | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Converging lens image at given distances | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Ray diagrams for a converging lens |
Paper 4 (Theory): 16 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 (c) | 4 | Monochromatic light and its frequency |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 5 | Lens: principal focuses and locating the object |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 2 | Correcting long sight |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 9 | Converging lens ray diagram and image nature |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q4 | 10 | Magnifying glass, light speed and long sight |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 6 | Converging lens: principal focus and magnified image |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 6 | Converging lens: locating the lens and focal length |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 8 | Lens as a magnifier: scale diagram and long sight |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 4 | Correcting long sight |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q4 | 9 | Converging lens ray diagram and long sight |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b)–(c) | 6 | Lens ray diagram and correcting short sight |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 6 | Converging lens ray diagram and magnification |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 3 | Dispersion: blue and green light in a prism |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 9 | Converging lens: principal focus and image of a nail |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 5 | Lens ray diagram: focal length and image nature |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 4 | Monochromatic light and frequency of green light |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a converging lens by graph |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a lens by the displacement method |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length from object and image distances |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Converging lens: graph of image distance |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Image produced by a lens: focal length |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a converging lens by graph |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a converging lens by two methods |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Magnification of an image produced by a lens |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: light colour and lens focal length |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a converging lens by graph |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a lens: object–screen distance |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Focal length of a lens by two methods |
Chapter 15: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
44 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 31 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Ultraviolet and infrared compared | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Comparing light, X-rays and microwaves | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Communication satellites and waves used | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Speed of light in air | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q21 | Speed of radio waves and gamma rays | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Wavelength of a radio wave | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q22 | EM regions used in applications | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q21 | EM region for detecting fake bank notes | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Thermal radiation as infrared | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Time delay of a radio signal | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q23 | EM spectrum: quantities increasing in order | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Wavelength of radio waves from frequency | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Wavelength of microwaves from frequency | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q21 | Frequency range of visible light | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Digital signals and infrared speed in fibres | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q21 | Wavelength of a radio signal | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q21 | EM regions used in communication systems | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q22 | EM waves for TV signals and remote control | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Speed of microwaves in air | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q16 | Equipment designed to emit EM waves | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q16 | Equipment designed to emit EM waves | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Speed of light in air | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q26 | EM waves used by a TV remote control | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Radio waves and X-rays compared | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q26 | EM waves used by a TV remote control | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Radio waves and X-rays compared | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Frequency of X-rays from wavelength | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Radio waves and X-rays compared | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Infrared and microwaves: wavelength and uses | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Speed of EM radiations from the Sun |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a) | 3 | Uses of EM spectrum regions |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 5 | Bluetooth: EM region and speed |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (c) | 2 | Optical fibres for data transmission |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Applications of EM spectrum regions |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q4 (c) | 1 | Uses of radio waves |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 7 | EM spectrum uses and Bluetooth wavelength |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 (a) | 2 | Wavelength of mobile phone microwaves |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q6 (b)–(c) | 7 | Microwaves and digital signals for mobile phones |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q5 (a) | 3 | Optical fibres: radiation used and advantages |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (a)–(b) | 3 | Radiant heater: infrared compared with visible light |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q9 (a) | 2 | Digital and analogue signals |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (b) | 2 | Use of X-rays in medicine |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c) | 2 | EM regions either side of visible light |
Chapter 16: Sound
44 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 32 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Changing pitch at constant loudness | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Compressions and rarefactions compared | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Effect of lower amplitude and frequency on sound | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Sound entering steel: speed and wavelength | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Depth of sea from an ultrasound echo | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Overlap of human and dolphin hearing ranges | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Echo distance expression | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Meaning of a compression | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q20 | Properties of ultrasound | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Sound as a longitudinal wave: flame vibration | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Echo time from a wall | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Echo time from a wall | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Frequency of sound from compression spacing | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Waves used for soft-tissue scanning | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Speed of sound in air, water and iron | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q18 | Human audible frequency range | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Speed of sound in solid, liquid and gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Speed of sound in a solid and a gas | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Speed of sound in copper, water and air | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Time delay of sound over a distance | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Distance from an echo time | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Speed of sound from an echo | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Applications of ultrasound | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Speed of sound in concrete and water | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Timing a race: light and sound speeds | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q17 | Sound into water: frequency and wavelength | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q22 | Compressions and rarefactions in sound | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Race start: seeing smoke and hearing a bang | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q22 | Compressions and rarefactions in sound | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Race start: seeing smoke and hearing a bang | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q22 | Wavelength of sound from frequency | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Compressions and rarefactions in sound |
Paper 4 (Theory): 12 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 8 | Dolphin sounds: hearing range, loudness, pitch, transmission |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 4 | Experiment to measure the speed of sound |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 6 | Ultrasound: definition, longitudinal waves and echo location |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 4 | Foghorn: wavelength and travel time of sound |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q5 | 9 | Sound wavelength, frequency, audibility and diffraction |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 6 | Ultrasound echo location of fish and the seabed |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 8 | Sound: compressions, wavelength in water, speed in air |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 3 | Ultrasound and X-rays: definitions and speeds |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 3 | Comparing ultrasound and X-ray scans |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a)–(c) | 5 | Sound: compressions, vacuum and thunder delay |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q5 (a) | 5 | Ultrasound in medical examination: wavelength |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q6 (b)–(c) | 4 | Transverse vs longitudinal waves; speed of sound in water |
Chapter 17: Magnetism
28 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 22 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Order of field strengths near magnets | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Statements about permanent and temporary magnets | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Magnetic poles from field pattern | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Field around a weak magnet | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Position of strongest magnetic force | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Field strength along a path near a magnet | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Materials for temporary and permanent magnets | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Strongest point of a magnetic field | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Direction of a magnetic field at a point | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Compass directions near a bar magnet | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Statements about magnetic fields | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Magnetic field strength near pairs of magnets | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Materials for permanent magnet and electromagnet | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Hard and soft magnetic materials | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Magnetic and non-magnetic metals | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q23 | Induced magnetism in soft iron | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Magnetic field lines of a bar magnet | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q23 | Electromagnet core material and property | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Soft iron near a bar magnet | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Forces between two magnets from field pattern | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Electromagnet: temporary magnetism of iron pins | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Magnetic field patterns: identifying magnets |
Paper 4 (Theory): 6 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 1 | Meaning of a magnetic field |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 4 | Magnetic window cleaner: materials and field lines |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a) | 4 | Identifying magnetised and unmagnetised steel bars |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 2 | Magnetic field: meaning and direction |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 6 | Magnetic field patterns and forces between magnets |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (a) | 2 | Field lines between two bar magnets |
Chapter 18: Electrical Quantities
130 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 91 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Charging time from charge and current | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Definition of electromotive force | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q27 | E.m.f. from energy, current and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Charge and p.d. in a series–parallel circuit | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Wires with equal resistance | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Charging a rod by friction | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Directions of conventional current and electrons | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Quantity defined as energy per charge from a source | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Energy transferred in a torch lamp | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Electric field description and direction | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Resistance and wire diameter | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Charged balloon sticking to a wall | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Resistance: shorter and thinner wires | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Resistance wire: length for equal resistance | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Energy from e.m.f., current and time | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Definition of e.m.f. | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Charging by induction: electron movement | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Definition of e.m.f. | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Electrical power and energy equations | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Resistance: length and cross-sectional area | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Charge from current and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Quantities with unit joule per coulomb | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Resistance ratio of a longer, thinner wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Path of a positive ion between charged plates | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Energy from p.d. and charge | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Current–voltage graph of a filament lamp | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Force on an electron in an electric field | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q26 | E.m.f. from energy and charge | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Resistance of reshaped conducting putty | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Circuit for measuring resistance | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Graphs of a.c. and d.c. supplies | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q27 | P.d. from energy and charge | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Resistance: length and cross-sectional area | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Charge on a rod rubbed with a cloth | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Conventional current and electron flow | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Energy from e.m.f. and charge | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Resistance of a longer wire | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q23 | Charged rods: forces shown on a balance | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Unit of potential difference | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Resistance of wires: length and diameter | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Direction of an electric field | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Properties of a voltmeter | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Resistance of a longer, thicker wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Charging a rod: particles and direction | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Conventional current and electron flow | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Unit of e.m.f. | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Filament lamp: resistance change | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Repulsion between charged rods | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Electron flow and ammeter reading | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Substances with free electrons | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Wire length for equal resistance | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Rods that can be charged by rubbing | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q24 | Charging a rod by friction: electron transfer | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q25 | Resistance and cross-sectional area of a wire | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Current–voltage graph of a metal wire | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Charge and p.d. from current, time and energy | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Rod becoming positive by losing electrons | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Nature of electric current in conductors | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Resistance: length and cross-sectional area | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Charge through a heater from power and time | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Charging by friction: particles transferred | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q25 | Resistance graph: variable on the x-axis | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Cost of electrical energy in kW h | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Wire with smallest resistance | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Electric field around a positive charge | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Resistance of wires: length and diameter | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Current–p.d. graph: change in resistance | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q26 | Current from p.d. and resistance table | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Electric field around a positive charge | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Forces between charged rods | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Energy transferred by a lamp | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Wire giving the smallest resistance | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Current from charge and time | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Charging a rod by friction | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Current–voltage graph of a filament lamp | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Current and length of resistance wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q27 | Electron flow and conventional current | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Charging a rod by friction | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Charge from current and time | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Repulsion of like charges | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Unit equivalent to the volt | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Time from energy, current and p.d. | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Charge distribution on a sphere near a rod | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Resistance from p.d. and current | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Equation for electrical power | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q26 | Current from p.d. and resistance | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Charged spheres: attraction by induction | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Unit of current × p.d. × time | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Charge distribution on charged spheres | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q28 | E.m.f. and energy transferred per charge | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Resistance of a wire: length and diameter |
Paper 4 (Theory): 24 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (a) | 3 | Current–voltage graph of a component |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a)–(b) | 5 | Electric field; charging by friction |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 5 | Kilowatt-hour and energy cost of a lamp |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 3 | Electric field around a negative charge |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b)–(c) | 5 | Calculating charge in lightning and a lamp |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (c) | 4 | Charging time from energy, current and voltage |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q5 | 8 | Electric field of a charged sphere and spray painting |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 9 | Electric field of a charged sphere; discharge current |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 9 | E.m.f. and a circuit with cells and variable resistor |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 7 | Electric field between plates and lightning |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q9 (b) | 4 | Phone battery energy and charging time |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 6 | Charging a rod and electric field of a sphere |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 9 | Modelling clay conductor: charge, resistance and dimensions |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (a)–(b) | 6 | Electric field pattern and charging by friction |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 (c) | 2 | Structure of conductors and insulators |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 2 | Electric field around a charged sphere |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 8 | Heater: current, resistance of new wire, cost of energy |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 (d) | 3 | Charge flowing in a lightning strike |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a)–(b) | 5 | Definitions of p.d. and e.m.f. |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 8 | E.m.f. and p.d.; battery driving a resistor network |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Number of electrons and energy in a resistor |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 5 | Charging a plate by induction; electron flow |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (b) | 6 | Immersion heater: energy and current |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q1 (b)–(c) | 4 | Charging a car battery: charge from current |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 15 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of a wire and its length |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: wire diameter and resistance |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: length of a wire and its resistance |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of a resistor using a resistance wire |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance per unit length of a wire |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: wire diameter and resistance |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of a wire and its length |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of a wire: graph analysis |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: lamp brightness and current |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: resistance of a filament lamp with current |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: current in a conducting liquid |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 62 | Q3 | 11 | Resistance per unit length of a wire |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 61 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of a lamp with a resistance wire |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 62 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: tension in a wire and its resistance |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 61 | Q3 | 11 | Resistance of a wire against length |
Chapter 19: Electric Circuits
98 past-paper questions
Free chapter preview →
Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 61 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Finding a series resistor from voltmeter reading | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Advantages of lamps in parallel | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Circuit symbol for an LDR | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Equation for resistors in parallel | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Circuit in which the lamp lights | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Currents at circuit junctions | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Potential divider giving 0 to 6 V | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q27 | P.d. across resistors in a switched circuit | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Diode and LEDs: which LEDs light | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q27 | Correcting a circuit to measure resistance | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Potential divider equation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Device that converts a.c. to d.c. | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Current in parallel resistors | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Switches and lamps in a mixed circuit | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Removing a parallel resistor: effective resistance | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Meter readings in a series–parallel circuit | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Circuit with diode in series with resistor | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Currents in parallel resistors | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q30 | P.d. across series resistors | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Currents in parallel branches | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Combined resistance of a series–parallel network | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Thermistor-type components in series | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q28 | How a diode operates | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Resistor arrangement for a given resistance | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Thermistor in a potential divider | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q27 | Current through a diode with varying p.d. | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Potential divider: finding a resistance | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Relay circuits with sensors | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Combined resistance in series and parallel | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Circuit diagrams: which lamps light | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Diode with a.c. supply: p.d. across resistor | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Temperature-controlled heater circuit | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Diode circuit running a d.c. motor from a.c. | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Potential divider with a thermistor | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Potential divider equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q30 | LDR in a potential divider | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Currents in a parallel lamp circuit | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Switches in a circuit with bell and lamp | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Switches needed to light parallel lamps | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Sensor circuit: condition that lights a lamp | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q28 | Switches to light chosen lamps | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q28 | Combined resistance of a resistor network | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Series resistors: sharing p.d. | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Diode in an a.c. circuit: output voltage | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Circuit symbols: battery, fuse and buzzer | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q26 | Variable resistor controlling a lamp | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Potential divider with light-dependent resistor | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Diodes and a.c.: output voltage graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Circuit symbol for a fuse | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Potential divider with light-dependent resistor | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Adding a parallel resistor: current changes | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Series circuit: ammeter readings | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Diodes: direction of current in a bridge | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Lamp brightness in a series–parallel circuit | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Diodes: direction of current in a bridge | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Potential divider effect on two lamps | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Properties of lamps in parallel | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Diodes: direction of current in a bridge | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Component controlling lamp brightness | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Ammeter readings in a parallel circuit | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Potential divider with light-dependent resistor |
Paper 4 (Theory): 26 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 7 | Resistor circuit with switches: resistance, current, heating |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 9 | Lamps in parallel on an a.c. supply |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 9 | LDR potential divider and LEDs in parallel |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q7 (b) | 7 | Two heaters on the mains: currents and power |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 5 | Currents in a circuit of identical resistors |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 7 | Series–parallel circuit: currents, p.d. and resistance |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (d) | 7 | Heating elements in parallel: current and power |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q5 | 6 | LDR characteristics and light-sensing circuit |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q6 | 7 | Potential divider with LDR and thermistor |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 7 | Washing machine circuit: e.m.f., p.d. and currents |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 12 | Windscreen heater resistors and circuit energy |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 4 | Light-sensing night light circuit |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 3 | Resistance of lamps in a circuit |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q2 (a)–(b) | 2 | Solar traffic lights: energy store and parallel lights |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 5 | Potential divider calculations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q6 | 7 | LED flashlight circuit: p.d., energy and charge |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q6 | 11 | Filament lamp graph and circuit calculations |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 8 | Potential divider: e.m.f. and voltmeter reading |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 (c) | 4 | Circuit with a diode: voltmeter readings |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 4 | Series circuit with a thermistor |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 3 | LDR circuit: resistance and voltmeter reading |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 7 | Diode with a.c. supply: period and output p.d. |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 9 | A.c. supply, diode circuit: charge and power |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 8 | Switch positions: current in a motor; parallel resistors |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 7 | Circuit components: identifying and using them |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 | 9 | Circuit with lamps: resistance and power |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 11 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of an unknown resistor from a V–I graph |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of identical wires in parallel |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | LDR resistance in light and dark |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Parallel resistor combinations: p.d. and current |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of an LED as current changes |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 10 | Resistance of a diode with series resistors |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Resistor combinations: p.d. and current readings |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 63 | Q2 | 11 | Resistors in parallel: p.d. and current |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 63 | Q3 | 11 | Resistors in parallel: currents and p.d. |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 62 | Q2 | 11 | Resistance of series and parallel combinations |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 63 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: resistance of an LDR and light intensity |
Chapter 20: Electrical Safety and the Motor Effect
49 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 35 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Factors affecting turning effect on a coil | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q29 | Double-insulated appliances | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Split-ring commutator in a d.c. motor | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q24 | Field strength around a solenoid | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Magnetic field pattern round a straight wire | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Magnetic field pattern round a straight wire | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Positions of fuse and switch in mains wiring | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Purpose of the split-ring commutator | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Parts of a d.c. motor | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q24 | Field strength around a current-carrying wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Brushes and split-ring commutator in a motor | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Force on moving charged particles in a field | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Solenoid field when current increases | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Field strength inside and outside a solenoid | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Changes that reverse force on a wire | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Earth wire and double insulation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Solenoid field: stronger and reversed | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Motor effect: force on a rod in a field | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Wire in a field with reversing current | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Reversing the force on a wire in a field | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Force on an electron in a magnetic field | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Magnetic field of a straight wire | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Devices using the magnetic effect of current | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q29 | Solenoid field strength when current changes | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Direction of force on a wire in a field | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Split-ring commutator in a d.c. motor | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Field lines around a current-carrying wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Compasses around a solenoid | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Compasses around a solenoid | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Purpose of the split-ring commutator | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Direction of force on a wire in a field | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Magnetic field around a current-carrying wire | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Coil and magnets: magnetic effect of current | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Electromagnets attracting iron rods | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Direction of force on a current-carrying wire |
Paper 4 (Theory): 13 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 10 | Field of a solenoid and an electric bell |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q4 (b) | 4 | Heater current and fuse in the plug |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q3 (c) | 1 | Earthing the metal casing of a heater |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 8 | Force on a current-carrying rod and a simple motor |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 10 | Electromagnet field and induced e.m.f. in a coil |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q7 (b) | 7 | Electromagnet lifting a barrier arm |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 5 | Magnetic field around a current-carrying wire |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (a) | 4 | Turning effect on a d.c. motor coil |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 8 | Coil in a magnetic field: motor and commutator |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q7 | 9 | Car starter motor relay and current |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q11 (a) | 3 | Magnetic field of a solenoid |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q5 (c) | 3 | Earthing and fuses for safety |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 (a)–(b) | 3 | Magnet poles and force on a current-carrying wire |
Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical): 1 question
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 61 | Q4 | 7 | Planning: current needed to melt fuse wires |
Chapter 21: Induction, Generators and Transformers
69 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 50 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Bicycle generator with rotating magnet | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q32 | High-voltage transmission between transformers | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Largest induced e.m.f. in a moving wire | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Slip rings in an a.c. generator | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Induced current direction in a moving wire | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q29 | Direction of motion for an induced current | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q30 | Components of an a.c. generator | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Function of the transformer iron core | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Primary current in an ideal transformer | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q30 | Force due to an induced current | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q31 | A.c. generator e.m.f. at coil positions | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Direction of motion for an induced current | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Step-down transformer with a changing load | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Device that changes a.c. voltage | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q33 | A.c. generator: e.m.f.–time graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Direction of motion for an induced current | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Two transformers in series: output | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Force on a wire due to its induced current | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Induced e.m.f. with magnet and coil | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Conditions for an efficient transformer | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q28 | Direction of an induced current | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q31 | Currents in a step-up transformer | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q31 | A.c. generator e.m.f. output | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Transformer: current in the power supply | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Transformer equations | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q25 | Transformer output voltage from turns | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Step-down transformer in a computer | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Direction of induced current in a coil | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Transformer turns and voltages relation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q31 | Generator rotated faster: e.m.f. and frequency | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Use of a transformer | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q30 | A.c. generator output graph | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q32 | How a transformer works | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Secondary current in an ideal transformer | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q32 | Transformer: heater current and power | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Factors affecting induced e.m.f. | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Direction of force due to induced current | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Step-down transformer: voltage and current | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Materials for transformer core and coil | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Statements about electromagnetic induction | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Transformers in power transmission | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Parts of an a.c. generator | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Material for a transformer core | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Direction of motion for an induced current | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Induced poles in a solenoid as a magnet falls | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Transformer turns for a step-down supply | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Induced current direction: magnet and coil | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Transformer turns for a step-down supply | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Direction of motion for an induced current | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Transformer turns for a step-down supply |
Paper 4 (Theory): 19 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 4 | Magnet on a trolley passing through a coil |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 10 | A.c. generator: slip rings, output and e.m.f. graph |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (a)–(b) | 6 | A.c. generator: parts and e.m.f. graph |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q8 (c) | 4 | High-voltage transmission with transformers |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q8 (a) | 4 | A.c. generator: parts and when e.m.f. is induced |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 9 | Transformer action, cable power loss and high-voltage transmission |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Wireless charging: changing field and induced current |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q7 (b) | 6 | Step-down transformer: currents and power |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a) | 3 | Wireless charging: induced current in a coil |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q8 (b) | 3 | High-voltage electricity transmission |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 (b) | 3 | A.c. generator output and coil position |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 9 | Iron-cored transformer: operation, turns and power |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q7 | 5 | Ideal transformer: primary current and turns ratio |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q11 (b) | 2 | Transformer turns for industrial supply |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q8 (b) | 4 | Magnet falling through a copper tube: induced current |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a) | 5 | Magnet oscillating in a coil: induced current |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q9 (b) | 2 | Step-up transformer turns |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q6 (b) | 7 | Simple a.c. generator: parts and output |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 8 | Step-down transformer: structure, action and turns ratio |
Chapter 22: The Nucleus and Nuclear Radiation
85 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 64 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Fission of plutonium: neutrons released | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Statements comparing alpha and beta particles | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Path of an alpha particle near a nucleus | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Completing a fusion nuclide equation | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Sources of background radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Identifying radiations in an electric field | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Measuring background and corrected count rate | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Paths of radiations in a magnetic field | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Paths of alpha particles through gold foil | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Neutrons in an atom | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Explaining large-angle alpha scattering | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Finding the corrected count rate | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Ionising and penetrating power of alpha and beta | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Evidence for the nuclear atom | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Conclusions from alpha scattering | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Alpha and beta: ionising and penetrating | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Deflection of particles in a magnetic field | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Why alpha is more ionising than beta | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Measuring count rate with background | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q32 | Results of alpha-particle scattering | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Charge on a nucleus from notation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Isotope of hydrogen: neutrons and charge | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Identifying radiation from absorption data | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Particles used in the gold foil experiment | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Nuclide notation from proton and neutron numbers | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Structure of a neutral atom | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Definition of nuclear fission | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Alpha, beta and gamma in a magnetic field | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q30 | Nuclide notation: protons and neutrons | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q31 | Correcting for background count | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q32 | Nuclear fusion: description | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Deflection of beta particles in fields | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Alpha scattering: results and conclusions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Emissions deflected by an electric field | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Particle that causes nuclear fission | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Formation of positive and negative ions | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Process of nuclear fission | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Paths of alpha particles near a nucleus | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Why beta particles deflect more than alpha | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Nuclear fission in a power station | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q33 | Formation of positive and negative ions | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q34 | Identifying an isotope from notation | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Corrected count rate using background | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Mass change in fission and fusion | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Identifying isotopes from proton and neutron numbers | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q33 | Conclusions from alpha-particle scattering | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Nucleon number from nuclide notation | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q33 | Why alpha particles are used in scattering | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Nuclide notation: protons and neutrons | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Alpha scattering experiment: particles and conclusion | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Nature of beta emission | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Evidence from alpha-particle scattering | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Identifying emissions using absorbers | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Evidence from alpha-particle scattering | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Comparing alpha, beta and gamma radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Detecting alpha particles with a spark counter | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Nuclear fission products | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Deflection of alpha particles in a magnetic field | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Classifying fission and fusion equations | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Deflection of alpha and beta in an electric field | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Alpha, beta and gamma between charged plates | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Alpha-particle scattering paths | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Nuclear fusion: description |
Paper 4 (Theory): 21 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 9 | Helium atom, fusion in the Sun and stellar evolution |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 9 | Radiation in a magnetic field; choosing sources by half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 7 | Alpha scattering, radiation in an electric field, half-life |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 2 | Background radiation and its sources |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 3 | Isotopes and composition of strontium-90 |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 10 | Carbon-14: atomic structure, beta decay and dating |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 7 | Boron fission, alpha particles and radiation safety |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 5 | Conclusions from alpha-particle scattering |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q9 (a) | 3 | Isotopes of americium: nucleus composition |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q8 | 10 | Uranium-235: nuclide notation, fission and power stations |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q9 (b)–(c) | 4 | Unstable lead isotope; sources of background radiation |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Atom composition and beta decay |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 4 | Properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiation |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 8 | Nuclear fission and a fusion nuclide equation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 8 | Gold isotopes and beta decay of gold-198 |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 8 | Alpha and beta particles; beta decay equation; half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q10 (a) | 3 | Cloud chamber tracks of alpha and beta particles |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 8 | Hydrogen isotopes and nuclear fusion |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q7 (c) | 2 | Deflection of a beta particle in a magnetic field |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q11 (a) | 4 | Alpha-particle paths near gold nuclei |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 42 | Q11 (b) | 3 | Particles in an atom of gold-198 |
Chapter 23: Radioactive Decay and Half-life
73 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 55 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q35 | How beta particles are emitted | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Source for sterilising food | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Radiation dose and exposure time | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Change in the nucleus during beta emission | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Spontaneous and random nature of decay | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Change in the nucleus during beta emission | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Material for storing radioactive sources | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q35 | Count rate after half-life with background | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Beta decay equation of sodium-24 | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Safety precautions with gamma sources | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Statements about half-life | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Effects of ionising radiation on living things | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Properties of a radioactive isotope | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Count rate measurement and half-life | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Alpha then beta decay: daughter nuclide numbers | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Beta decay: change in the nucleus | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Precautions with ionising radiation | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Count rate after half-lives with background | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Nuclear equation: identifying the emitted particle | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Statements about alpha decay | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Half-life of caesium-137 from remaining fraction | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Half-life from count rates with background | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q34 | Products of radioactive decay | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Decay sequence lowering proton number | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Definitions of half-life | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Paper thickness control using beta radiation | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Count rate after half-lives with background | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Half-life from decay curve with background | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Source for paper thickness control | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Half-life of a medical tracer from a graph | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Matching sources to uses by half-life | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Storage of sources in lead boxes | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q34 | Alpha decay: neutrons in daughter nucleus | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Safety precautions with ionising radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Half-life from a graph of product mass | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Radioactive decay: stability and change of element | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Half-life data with background count | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Carbon-14 half-life from a decay graph | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q36 | Count rate after half-lives with background | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Change in the nucleus during beta emission | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Count rate after half-lives with background | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q35 | Change in the nucleus during beta emission | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q36 | Half-life from a count-rate graph with background | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q35 | Half-life: time for count rate to fall | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Safety rules for ionising radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Beta decay equation of polonium | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Half-life from a count-rate graph | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Alpha decay of thorium: daughter nuclide | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Decay curve with background count | |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Half-lives of isotopes with background | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Random nature of radioactive decay | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Choice of source for a smoke alarm | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Beta decay nuclide equation | |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Half-life from a count-rate graph | |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Half-life from count-rate data |
Paper 4 (Theory): 18 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 10 | Strontium-90 decay and yttrium half-life |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b)–(c) | 5 | Alpha decay of radium-223; medical tracer half-life |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q11 | 7 | Half-life, beta decay equation and ionising power |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b) | 4 | Strontium-90 in a thickness gauge |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 9 | Carbon-14 dating and uses of short half-lives |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q8 | 8 | Thallium-208 beta decay; radiation in a field |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (a) | 4 | Safety with radioactive isotopes in hospitals |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b) | 3 | Beta decay equation of sodium-24 |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 9 | Radioactive tracer for leak detection: background, emission, half-life |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q9 (b) | 4 | Beta decay of strontium and half-life |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q9 (b) | 7 | Alpha decay of americium in smoke alarms |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a) | 6 | Choosing isotopes for applications: emission and half-life |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q9 (c) | 3 | Half-life and hazards of short half-lives |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 (c)–(d) | 6 | Half-life with background count; safety precautions |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q8 | 6 | Beta decay change and alpha decay equation |
| Oct/Nov 2022 · Paper 43 | Q10 (b) | 7 | Sodium isotope for leak detection: beta decay and half-life |
| May/June 2022 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 7 | Half-life of protactinium and beta decay equation |
| Feb/March 2022 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 8 | Alpha decay of americium and smoke detectors |
Chapter 24: Space Physics
97 past-paper questions
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Paper 2 (Multiple Choice): 68 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Orbital speed of a satellite expression | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Shape of a comet's orbit | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Hubble constant from galaxy data | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Gravitational field strength against distance | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Converting a galaxy distance to light-years | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Possible result of a supernova | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Orbital period of a satellite | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Identifying the Sun from star data | |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Objects formed after a supernova | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Periods of Earth and Moon motion | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Statements about the Universe and redshift | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Cosmic microwave background radiation | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Orbital periods of Earth and Moon | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Nuclear reaction in stable stars | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Galaxy distance from recession speed | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Apparent daily motion of the Sun | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Galaxy distance from recession speed | |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Mercury's orbit: field strength and speed | |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Galaxy speed–distance graph: Hubble constant | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Objects with elliptical orbits round the Sun | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Statements about the Sun | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Hubble constant from distance and speed | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Protostar becoming a stable star | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Planet data: gravitational field strength | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Estimate of the age of the Universe | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Orbital period from planetary data | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Reaction that powers the Sun | |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Diameter of the Milky Way in metres | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Planet closest to the Sun: speed and energy | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Process that powers the Sun | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Galaxy recession speed from Hubble constant | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Measuring galaxy distance and recession speed | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Orbital speed of the Earth | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Statements about the life cycle of a star | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Hubble constant and galaxy speed | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Orbital speed of the Earth | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Order of stages in a star's life cycle | |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Distance light travels in one year | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q36 | Order of outer planets from the Sun | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Regions of the Sun's radiated energy | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Comet speed in an elliptical orbit | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Nuclear fusion in the Sun | |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Identifying planets from surface temperature | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Cause of summer in the northern hemisphere | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Size and composition of the Sun | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Which star will become a supernova | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Orbital speed of the Earth | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Main regions of the Sun's radiation | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 22 | Q40 | How the Sun produces energy | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Planets orbiting a star: positions over time | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Light-year distances to the nearest star | |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Orbital speed expression | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q37 | Planet nearest the Sun and its nature | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q38 | Orbital speed of a space station | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q39 | Nuclear reaction powering a stable star | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 21 | Q40 | Order of stages in a star's life cycle | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Statements about the Solar System | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Shape of a comet's orbit | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Nuclear reaction powering a star | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Definition of the Hubble constant | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q37 | Orbital periods of the Earth and Moon | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q38 | Shape of comet orbits | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q39 | Power source of a stable star | |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 23 | Q40 | Supernova brightness and galaxy distance | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q37 | Orbital speed of a satellite: data needed | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q38 | Orbital period of the Moon | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q39 | Fusion as the energy source of stars | |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 22 | Q40 | Hubble constant definition |
Paper 4 (Theory): 29 questions
| Paper | Question | Marks | Topic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 6 | Comet orbit and light-year distance |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 10 | Formation of the Solar System, Moon distance, Hubble constant |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q9 | 7 | CMBR and planetary data |
| Oct/Nov 2025 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 6 | Comet orbit and speed changes |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 8 | Jupiter and Earth: composition, field strength, orbital speed |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q10 (a) | 5 | Planet data: identifying and comparing planets |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 42 | Q10 (b) | 5 | Life cycle of a massive star |
| May/June 2025 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 8 | Light-year, Sun–Earth distance, Hubble graph and redshift |
| Feb/March 2025 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 8 | Earth's orbit: seasons, days and orbital radius |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 8 | Milky Way size and galaxy recession |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 42 | Q11 | 9 | Planets, orbital speed of Venus and comets |
| Oct/Nov 2024 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 6 | Black holes and the light-year |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 41 | Q9 | 9 | The Sun: radiation, distance and formation as a star |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 7 | Solar System objects, orbits and light travel time |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 42 | Q11 | 5 | Milky Way, redshift, Big Bang and CMBR |
| May/June 2024 · Paper 43 | Q11 | 6 | Redshift and Hubble constant: galaxy speed |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 8 | Moon phases and Earth's orbital speed |
| Feb/March 2024 · Paper 42 | Q11 | 5 | Protostars, stable stars and the Hubble constant |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 10 | Stable stars, redshift and Hubble constant |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q9 | 6 | Planet data: gravitational field strength and orbital speed |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 5 | Life cycle of stars |
| Oct/Nov 2023 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 7 | Hubble constant, age of the Universe and CMBR |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 41 | Q10 | 7 | Pluto: elliptical orbit speed and surface temperature |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q10 (a)–(b) | 3 | Orbital speed equation and seasons |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 42 | Q10 (c)–(d) | 6 | Massive star life cycle; galaxy distance |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q9 (a)–(b) | 5 | Planet positions in orbit over time |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q9 (c)–(d) | 7 | Jupiter and Earth compared; mass from density |
| May/June 2023 · Paper 43 | Q10 | 7 | Light-year and measuring galaxy recession |
| Feb/March 2023 · Paper 42 | Q10 | 7 | Orbital speed of Mars and redshift |
Revise the chapter before you practise. Our IGCSE Physics 0625 notes cover every syllabus statement with worked examples, common mistakes from examiner reports, 20 MCQs per chapter and original exam-style questions with full mark schemes.
Index updated 2026-10-28. Spotted a question in the wrong chapter? Tell us on WhatsApp and we will fix it.