Climate: complete notes

Free preview: Climate notes

A quick look at the chapter from our Class 11 Geography notes. The full chapter notes have the detailed explanations, diagrams and practice questions with answers.

Topics in this chapter ★★★ very important · ★★ important · ★ asked sometimes

1. 18.1 Unity and diversity ★★★
2. 18.2 Factors determining climate ★★★
3. 18.3 Nature of the Indian monsoon ★★★
4. 18.4 Seasons (IMD: four) ★★★
5. 18.5 Distribution of rainfall ★★★
6. 18.6 Global warming ★★
7. 18.7 Monsoon and economic life ★★★
8. Multiple choice: 20 MCQs

Last-night summary

• Onset: differential heating, westerly jet withdraws, easterly jet at 15° N → burst; Kerala 1 June, Mumbai/Kolkata 10–13 June, all India mid-July; breaks; El Nino (Peru, 3–7 yrs, Child Christ), Tahiti–Darwin, IMD 16 indicators. Cold season (western disturbances, rabi rain, Delhi 53 mm; NE monsoon rain on TN coast). Hot season (48°C NW; loo, dust storms; mango and blossom showers, nor'westers/Kalbaisakhi/Bardoisila).
• SW monsoon: Arabian Sea branch (Ghats 250–400 cm, rain-shadow; Narmada–Tapi; Saurashtra–Aravali) and Bay branch (Arakan deflection; Ganga plain; Brahmaputra; Mawsynram); TN dry. Retreat: Oct–Nov, October heat, Coromandel rainiest, cyclones on deltas. Six traditional seasons. Rain: avg 125 cm; >200, 100–200, 50–100, <50 cm areas. Economy: 64% on agriculture; floods, droughts, rabi rain. Global warming: 2°C by 2100, sea level +48 cm.