IB Diploma · Chemistry · Chapter 12

Ch 12 S3.2 Functional groups: complete notes

Neat, exam-ready notebook-style notes for Ch 12 S3.2 Functional groups, following the IB Diploma syllabus, SL and HL. This chapter is part of the complete Chemistry Notes for IB Diploma Students (SL and HL): All 23 Topics.

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Free preview: Ch 12 S3.2 Functional groups notes

A quick look at the chapter from our IB Diploma Chemistry notes. The full chapter notes have the detailed explanations, diagrams and practice questions with answers.

Topics in this chapter

1. What you must be able to do
2. Explaining the trend
3. Primary, secondary and tertiary
4. cis–trans isomerism
5. Optical isomerism (chirality)
6. Mass spectrometry (MS)
7. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

“I can” checklist: what you must be able to do

• I can identify empirical, molecular, structural, skeletal and stereochemical formulas and interconvert them.
• I can identify nine functional groups and twelve homologous series and give general formulas.
• I can explain boiling point trends using intermolecular forces, including hydrogen bonding and branching.
• I can name and draw compounds up to six carbons with one halogeno, hydroxyl, carbonyl or carboxyl group.
• I can draw structural isomers and classify alcohols, halogenoalkanes and amines as primary, secondary or tertiary.
• I can recognise cis–trans isomers and chiral carbons, and draw enantiomers with wedges and dashes.
• I can interpret MS fragments, IR absorptions, and ¹H NMR shift, integration and splitting.
• I can combine spectral data to deduce a structure.

What is inside the full chapter notes

• Concept notes with 11 worked examples
• Skeletal drawings, trend graphs, spectra
• Common mistakes; investigation (IA) ideas
• 15 Paper 1A-style MCQs, explained
• 3 Paper 2-style questions and one Paper 1B-style data question, with mark schemes
• Quick-reference sheet and "I can" checklist

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What you get in the pack

• All 23 topics of IB Diploma Chemistry for students taking Standard Level or Higher Level (first assessment 2025): the particulate nature of matter, the nuclear atom, electron configurations, the mole, ideal gases, ionic, covalent and metallic bonding, materials and polymers, the periodic table, functional groups, enthalpy changes, energy cycles, fuels, entropy and spontaneity, the amount of chemical change, rate of reaction, equilibrium, acids and bases, redox and electrochemistry, radical reactions, nucleophilic and electrophilic mechanisms
• Every syllabus statement covered in order, each marked SL or HL, with clear notes, tables and diagrams drawn for these notes
• Worked examples in every topic: calculations and model answers that show how to earn the marks
• Original Paper 1A-style multiple-choice questions with explained answers, plus Paper 2-style structured and data-based questions with full mark schemes (no past-paper reprints)
• Common mistakes and investigation (internal assessment) ideas for every topic
• Quick-reference sheet and an "I can" checklist at the end of every topic
• Colour PDF and a black and white copy of every chapter for printing
• Independent notes for IB Diploma students; not endorsed by or affiliated with the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO)

All chapters in this pack

1. Ch 1 S1.1 Introduction to the particulate nature of matter
2. Ch 2 S1.2 The nuclear atom
3. Ch 3 S1.3 Electron configurations
4. Ch 4 S1.4 Counting particles by mass: the mole
5. Ch 5 S1.5 Ideal gases
6. Ch 6 S2.1 The ionic model
7. Ch 7 S2.2 The covalent model (2.2.1-2.2.7)
8. Ch 8 S2.2 The covalent model (2.2.8-2.2.16)
9. Ch 9 S2.3 The metallic model
10. Ch 10 S2.4 From models to materials
11. Ch 11 S3.1 The periodic table
12. Ch 12 S3.2 Functional groups
13. Ch 13 R1.1 Measuring enthalpy changes
14. Ch 14 R1.2 Energy cycles in reactions
15. Ch 15 R1.3 Energy from fuels
16. Ch 16 R1.4 Entropy and spontaneity (HL)
17. Ch 17 R2.1 How much? The amount of chemical change
18. Ch 18 R2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical change
19. Ch 19 R2.3 How far? The extent of chemical change
20. Ch 20 R3.1 Proton transfer reactions
21. Ch 21 R3.2 Electron transfer reactions
22. Ch 22 R3.3 Electron sharing reactions
23. Ch 23 R3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions