62 real questions asked on this chapter in Rajasthan recruitment exams (Assistant Professor (College Education), CET (Graduate), CET (Senior Secondary), College Lecturer, Lecturer (Technical Education), Patwari, RAS Prelims, Senior Teacher (Secondary Education), VDO). The wording is exactly as printed in the English part of each paper, and the answers are from the Commission's final answer key. 31 answers with explanations are free here; all answers are in the book. हिंदी में पढ़ें
| Group | Items | Remember it for |
|---|---|---|
| Western dialects | Marwari (Jodhpur-Bikaner-Jaisalmer); Dhati/Thali (Barmer); Godwari (Jalore-Pali-Sirohi); Bagri (Hanumangarh-Ganganagar); Shekhawati (Sikar-Jhunjhunu-Churu) | Marwari is the most widely spoken |
| Eastern dialects | Dhundhari (Jaipur); Nagarchal (Tonk-Sawai Madhopur); Hadoti (Kota-Bundi-Baran-Jhalawar); Mewati (Alwar-Bharatpur); Braj (Bharatpur-Dholpur-Karauli); Jagrauti (Karauli) | Hadoti named after the Hada Chauhans |
| Southern dialects | Mewari (Udaipur area); Vagdi (Dungarpur-Banswara); Dhavdi (Udaipur); Malvi (Jhalawar-Pratapgarh near Malwa) | Vagdi shows Gujarati and Bhili influence |
| The language | Grierson first used 'Rajasthani' (Linguistic Survey of India) and analysed it as a language; Kuvalayamala (Uddyotana Suri, Jalore, 778) lists 18 languages incl. 'Maru bhasha' | Dingal = Marwari-based poetic style; Pingal = Braj-mixed style; Mudia script by Todarmal |
| Raso works | Prithviraj Raso (Chand Bardai); Bisaldev Raso (Narpati Nalh); Khuman Raso (Dalpat Vijay); Hammir Raso (Jodhraj); Shatrusal Raso (Dungarsingh) | Raso = valour and wars of a king (Menaria) |
| Other heroic works | Hammir Hath (Chandrashekhar); Hammir Mahakavya (Nayanchandra Suri); Prithviraj Vijaya (Jayanaka); Kanhadde Prabandh (Padmanabh); Achaldas Khinchi ri Vachnika (Shivdas Gadan); Rao Jaitsi ro Chhand (Bithu Suja); Ranmal Chhand (Shridhar Vyas) | Vachnika = mixed prose-verse |
| Prakas, Rupak, Vilas | Suraj Prakash (Karnidan); Pabu Prakash (Modji Ashiya); Raj Prakash (Kishordas); Gun Rupak (Keshavdas); Raj Rupak (Veerbhan); Rajvilas (Maan Kavi); Buddhivilas (Bakhtram Sah); Vijayvilas (Vishan Singh Barhat) | Prakas = achievements of a person or dynasty |
| Ayan and others | Hammirayan (Bhandau Vyas); Veeramayan (Badar); Raghunath Rupak (Mancharam Sevag); Kirtar Bavani (Dursa Adha); Hansavali (Asait); Neh Tarang (Budh Singh Hada); Bhasha Bhushan (Jaswant Singh) | – |
| Big names | Veli Krisan Rukmani ri (Prithviraj Rathore, Akbar's court); Vansh Bhaskar and Veer Satsai (Suryamall Mishran, Bundi); Veer Vinod (Kaviraj Shyamaldas); Nainsi ri Khyat (Muhnot Nainsi) | Kumbha wrote Sangeetraj, Rasikpriya, Sudha Prabandh, Nrityaratnakosh |
| Modern Rajasthani | Shivchandra Bhartiya (first novel Kanak Sundar, play Kesar Vilas); Kanhaiyalal Sethia (Dharti Dhoran Ri, Pathal ar Peethal); Vijaydan Detha (Baatan ri Phulwari, 14 vols; Duvidha); Chandra Singh Birkali (Badli, Loo; Maruvani); Lakshmi Kumari Chundawat (Amolak Vatan, Manjhal Raat, Gir Uncha Uncha Gadhan); Satyaprakash Joshi (Bol Bharmali, Radha); Sitaram Lalas (dictionary) | Rajasthani Academy at Bikaner; Hindi Sahitya Academy at Udaipur |
| Genres | Khyat, Vaat, Vigat (history prose); Parchi (saints' lives in verse); Marsiya (elegy); Aadi/Hiyali (riddles); Veli; Vachnika | Jhulna is a verse metre, not history prose |
In Rajasthani language and culture, Dingal is —
Answer: (A) Style of poetry
Dingal is a poetic style of Rajasthani (mainly Marwari) in which Charan poets wrote heroic verse. The Braj-mixed Rajasthani poetic style is called Pingal.
Match the following :
Dialect: A. Bagadi B. Jagrauti C. Dhavari D. Gorwari
District: (i) Hanumangarh (ii) Udaipur (iii) Karauli (iv) Sirohi
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Ranmal Chand, an early work in Rajasthani was composed by —
Answer: (D) Shridhar Vyas
"Ranmal Chhand" is by Shridhar Vyas; it describes the valour of Ranmal Rathore of Idar.
Nand Kishore Acharya received the Sahitya Academy Award, 2019 for which of the following ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who among the following was under the patronage of king Man Singh I of Amber ?
Answer: (A) Narottam Kavi
Narottam Kavi (author of Mancharit) was under the patronage of Raja Man Singh I of Amer. Bihari and Kulpati Mishra were at the court of Mirza Raja Jai Singh.
How many volumes are there in 'Batan Ri Phulwari'?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
To whom did Kesari Singh Barhath addressed 'Chetavani Ra Chungatiya'?
Answer: (B) Maharana Fateh Singh
Kesari Singh Barhath wrote the 13 sorthas of "Chetavani ra Chungatya" to Maharana Fateh Singh of Mewar to stop him from attending the Delhi Durbar of 1903.
Which one of the following is not correctly matched?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
The author of poetry collection, 'Mugtee' is -
Answer: (B) Meethesh Nirmohi
As per the Commission's answer key, the Rajasthani poetry collection "Mugti" is by Meethesh Nirmohi.
Sitaram Lalas was associated with -
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
The author of 'Beli Krishan Rukmani Ri', was the court poet of which ruler?
Answer: (C) Akbar
Prithviraj Rathore (Peethal) of Bikaner, author of "Veli Krisan Rukmani Ri", was a court poet of Akbar.
"Ila na deni, aapni, halriya hulraaye. Poot sikhave palne, maran badai maaye." The above lines are taken from which book?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which writer named the books after the name of Bikaner Maharaja Anoop Singh?
Answer: (A) Bhav Bhatta
Bhav Bhatt, the court musicologist of Anup Singh, named his works "Anup Sangeet Vilas", "Anup Sangeet Ratnakar" and "Anupankush".
Who wrote the book named 'Hammir Hath'?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
'Godawadi dialect' is spoken in which one of the following districts?
Answer: (A) Jalore
Godwari (a sub-dialect of Marwari) is spoken in the Godwar area of Jalore-Pali.
Sort out the incompatible pair between Literature and Author -
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which language is spoken in the areas of Banswara, Dungarpur and the nearby hilly areas?
Answer: (C) Vagri
The Dungarpur-Banswara area has been called "Vagad" since ancient times, so its dialect is Vagdi, influenced by Gujarati and Bhili. Hadoti is spoken in Kota-Bundi-Baran-Jhalawar, Mewati in Alwar-Bharatpur and Shekhawati in Sikar-Jhunjhunu-Churu.
'Rane Jagpat Ra Marasya' was written to mourn the death of which ruler?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who was the first novel and drama writer of Rajasthani? (Choose the most appropriate option from below)
Answer: (B) Shiv Chandra Bhartiya
Shivchandra Bhartiya is regarded as the father of modern Rajasthani prose. He wrote the first Rajasthani novel "Kanak Sundar" and the first Rajasthani play "Kesar Vilas".
Who is the author of song 'Dharti Dhoran Ri' ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
In the genre of Rajasthani prose and poetry the works which throw light on the achievements and incidents of a particular individual and dynasty are called. (Choose the most appropriate option from below)
Answer: (C) Prakas
"Prakas" works describe the achievements of a person or dynasty, such as "Rajprakas" and "Suraj Prakas". "Veli" is a poetic form (e.g. Prithviraj Rathore's "Veli Krisan Rukmani Ri"), and "Vigat" gives historical and geographical details (e.g. "Marwar ra Pargana ri Vigat").
Who was the first person to use word 'Rajasthani' for the language of Rajasthan?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
The literature which is engraved on inscriptions, coins and seals is called literature. Choose the most appropriate option from below:
Answer: (B) Epigraphic
Literature carved on stone inscriptions, copper plates and coins is called epigraphic literature. Inscriptions such as Bijolia, Ghosundi and the Kirti Stambh prashasti are important sources for Rajasthan's history.
Which is the dialect of Kota, Bundi and Jhalawar region of Rajasthan? (Choose the most appropriate option from below:)
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which dialect is spoken in the areas of Churu, Jhunjhunu, Hanumangarh, Suratgarh and Ganganagar? (Choose the most appropriate option from below:)
Answer: (C) Shekhawati
As per the Commission's answer key, Shekhawati. Shekhawati is spoken in Sikar, Jhunjhunu and Churu; in Hanumangarh-Ganganagar the closely related Bagdi dialect is used.
Match List-I with List-II :
List-I (Dialect): (a) Hadoti (b) Brij Bhasha (c) Marwadi (d) Shekhawati
List-II (Region/Areas): (i) Jodhpur, Jaisalmer (ii) Sikar, Jhunjhunu (iii) Bharatpur, Karauli (iv) Jhalawad, Baran
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
According to Motilal Menaria the Poetic text where the description of the greatness of the king, his Conquests, wars and valour is found is called
Answer: (B) Raso
Raso poems describe the valour, wars and glory of kings, such as Chand Bardai's "Prithviraj Raso", Narpati Nalh's "Bisaldev Raso" and Dalpat Vijay's "Khuman Raso".
Match the following : (Dialect — District)
A. Jagrauti B. Dhati C. Nagarchaal D. Dhavadi
i. Udaipur ii. Tonk iii. Barmer iv. Karauli
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Choose the incorrect pair : (Literary Work — Literator)
Answer: (A) Badali — Chandra Prakash Deval
"Badli" is the famous Rajasthani poem of Chandra Singh Birkali, not Chandra Prakash Deval. The other three pairs are correct.
Which of the following Rajasthani language writer has been awarded Sahitya Akademi Award for 2015 ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who was the first scholar to present Scientific analysis of "Rajasthani" as an Independent Language ?
Answer: (A) George Abraham Grierson
George Abraham Grierson, in the Linguistic Survey of India, treated Rajasthani as an independent language, classified it scientifically and used the word "Rajasthani".
Match List-I and List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below :
List-I: A. Gun Bhasa B. Gun Rupak C. Raj Rupak D. Suraj Prakash
List-II: 1. Keshavdas 2. Veerbhan 3. Abhay Singh 4. Hem Kavi
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who is considered the Inventor of the letters of "Mudia" script ?
Answer: (A) Todarmal
Raja Todarmal, Akbar's finance minister, is regarded as the inventor of the Mudia (Mahajani) script, used in traders' account books.
Who is the author of "Hamir Hatha" ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who among the following may be called the first prose writer of Rajasthani literature?
Answer: (D) Shiv Chandra Bhartiya
Shivchandra Bhartiya is regarded as the father of modern Rajasthani prose; he wrote the first Rajasthani novel "Kanak Sundar" and play "Kesar Vilas".
Name the author of the literary work "Amolak Vataan".
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who is the writer of the immortal Rajasthani popular song "Dharti Dhoran Ri"?
Answer: (B) Kanhaiya Lal Sethia
"Dharti Dhoran Ri" is by Kanhaiyalal Sethia (Sujangarh); "Pathal ar Peethal" is another famous poem of his. Kaviraj Shyamaldas wrote the history of Mewar "Veer Vinod".
Name the founder of the prominent Rajasthani journal "Maruvani".
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who was the court poet of Maharana of Mewar, Shambhu Singh ?
Answer: (B) Kaviraj Shyamal Das
Kaviraj Shyamaldas was the court poet of Maharanas Shambhu Singh and Sajjan Singh; he wrote the great history of Mewar, "Veer Vinod". Dursa Adha was a Charan poet of Akbar's time, and Dayaldas wrote "Bikaner ra Rathoran ri Khyat".
"Baataan ri Phulwari" is written by :
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which of the following texts has not been written by Kumbha ?
Answer: (D) Kalanidhi
As per the Commission's answer key, "Kalanidhi" is not Kumbha's work. Rasikpriya (a commentary on the Gita Govinda), Sudha Prabandh, Nrityaratnakosh, Sangeetraj and Kamraj Ratisar are regarded as works of Maharana Kumbha.
Match the following : (Book — Author)
A. Hammirayan B. Veermayan C. Raghunath Rupak D. Kirtar Bavani
i. Badar ii. Mancharam Sevag iii. Dursa Adha iv. Bhandau Vyas
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who amongst the following scholars was not in the Court of Kumbha ?
Answer: (C) Muni Jin Vijay Suri
Muni Jinvijay was a 20th-century scholar (director of the Rajasthan Oriental Research Institute). Tilla Bhatt, Muni Sundar Suri and the architect Natha (Mandan's brother) belonged to Kumbha's time.
'Hansawali', an early work of Rajasthani literature was written by
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which of the following is not correctly matched ? (Work — Author)
Answer: (A) Bol Bharmali — Yadvendra Sharma
"Bol Bharmali" is by Satyaprakash Joshi, not Yadvendra Sharma "Chandra". Pagi is by Chandraprakash Deval, Kodmade by Meghraj Mukul and Pagphero by Mani Madhukar.
Consider the following statements about Vijaydan Detha :
A. Vijayadan Detha was a famous writer of Rajasthan, whose story was adapted as Charandas Chor play.
B. Vijaydan Detha was a co-founder of Rupayan Sansthan.
Choose the correct answer from the code below :
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Dr. Krishna Jakhar of Rajasthan has been awarded the Sahitya Akadami Prize for Rajasthani translation 2017. She is awarded this prize for which of her work of translation ?
Answer: (A) Gatha Tista Par Ri
Dr. Krishna Jakhar received the 2017 Sahitya Akademi translation prize for "Gatha Tista Par Ri", her Rajasthani translation of Debesh Ray's Bengali novel "Tista Parer Brittanto".
23 writers have been selected for Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar 2018. Who among them is selected for the Rajasthani Language?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which one of the following pair is not correctly matched? (Books — Authors)
Answer: (A) Neh Tarang - Sawai Pratap Singh
"Neh Tarang" was written by Rao Budh Singh Hada of Bundi, not by Sawai Pratap Singh of Jaipur. Nagdaman (Sayanji Jhula), Ranmal Chhand (Shridhar Vyas) and Bhasha Bhushan (Maharaja Jaswant Singh) are correct.
Where is the Rajasthani Bhasha, Sahitya and Sanskriti Academy located?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who is the author of the book "Sanskriti Ri Sanatan Deeth"?
Answer: (D) Bhanwar Singh Samaur
"Sanskriti ri Sanatan Deeth" is a Rajasthani essay collection by Bhanwar Singh Samaur, for which he received the Sahitya Akademi Award for Rajasthani.
Names of how many local dialects are mentioned in the Katha collection called 'Kuvalaymala' ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
The author of 'Achaldas Khichi re Vachanika' is
Answer: (D) Charan Shivdas
"Achaldas Khinchi ri Vachnika" is by Charan Shivdas (Gadan). It describes the war of 1423 between Achaldas Khinchi of Gagron and Sultan Hoshang Shah of Mandu.
Which of the following options is not rightly matched ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
For which of the following the words Aadi (आड़ी), Hiyali (हीयाली) are popular in Rajasthani language ?
Answer: (D) Riddles
In Rajasthani, riddles are called Aadi, Hiyali or Hariyali. A phad is a cloth scroll painting of the stories of folk deities.
Who was the author of text 'Rajvilas' ?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Which one of the following pair is not correctly matched ? (Text — Author)
Answer: (C) Bhimvilasa : Kavi Jadunath
As per the Commission's answer key, Bhimvilas — Kavi Jadunath is the wrong pair. Rajvilas is by Maan Kavi, Buddhivilas by Bakhtram Sah and Vijayvilas by Vishan Singh Barhat.
Which among the following is not a prose text of historical content in Dingal style?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Match Column-A with Column-B regarding the Authors and their work in Rajasthani Texts and choose the correct answer from the options given below —
Column-A (Author): a. Prithviraj Rathod b. Bithu Suja c. Sadashiv d. Jagjivan Bhatt
Column-B (Text): (i) Rajratnakar (ii) Beli Krisan Rukmani Ri (iii) Rao Jaitsi Ro Chhand (iv) Ajitodaya
Answer: (C) a-(ii), b-(iii), c-(i), d-(iv)
Prithviraj Rathore (Peethal) – Veli Krisan Rukmani Ri, Bithu Suja – Rao Jaitsi ro Chhand, Sadashiv – Rajratnakar and Jagjivan Bhatt – Ajitodaya.
Who among the following received the "Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar-2024" from Rajasthan?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who is the author of the Rajasthani language book "Gir Uncha Uncha Gadhan"?
Answer: (A) Rani Lakshmi Kumari Chundawat
"Gir Uncha Uncha Gadhan" is by Rani Lakshmi Kumari Chundawat; "Manjhal Raat" and "Amolak Vatan" are also her famous works.
Match the Rajasthani dialects given in List I with the districts of Rajasthan given in List II.
List I: a. Hadoti b. Mewati c. Dhundhari d. Mewari
List II: I. Jaipur II. Kota III. Udaipur IV. Alwar/Bharatpur
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
These are not from past papers. Notes Bazar wrote them on facts of this chapter that have not been asked yet.
Who wrote "Veli Krisan Rukmani Ri"?
Answer: (C) Prithviraj Rathore (Peethal)
"Veli Krisan Rukmani Ri" was written in Dingal by Prithviraj Rathore (Peethal) of Bikaner. Dursa Adha called it the "fifth Veda" and the "nineteenth Purana".
Who wrote "Vansh Bhaskar" and "Veer Satsai"?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Whom did Munshi Devi Prasad call the "Abul Fazl of Rajputana"?
Answer: (A) Muhnot Nainsi
Muhnot Nainsi, diwan of Maharaja Jaswant Singh I of Jodhpur, wrote "Nainsi ri Khyat" and "Marwar ra Pargana ri Vigat", which is why he is called the "Abul Fazl of Rajputana".
Who wrote the poem "Pathal ar Peethal"?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
On which story of Vijaydan Detha was the film "Paheli" made?
Answer: (C) Duvidha
The film "Paheli" (2005) was made on Vijaydan Detha's ("Bijji") story "Duvidha". His collection "Baatan ri Phulwari" is famous.
Which Rajasthani script was used by traders in their account books?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Who wrote the poems "Badli" and "Loo"?
Answer: (D) Chandra Singh Birkali
Chandra Singh Birkali's "Badli" and "Loo" are famous Rajasthani poems on the nature of the desert.
Who wrote "Kanhadde Prabandh", on the struggle of Kanhad Dev of Jalore with Alauddin Khilji?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
In Rajasthani literature, what kind of work is a "Khyat"?
Answer: (B) Prose history of dynasties and kings
A Khyat is mainly a prose history of dynasties, kings and events, such as "Nainsi ri Khyat" and "Bankidas ri Khyat".
Which dialect is spoken in the Kotputli-Behror (Rath) area?
Answer and explanation in the book · See the book (₹99)
Where is the Rajasthani Bhasha, Sahitya evam Sanskriti Academy?
Answer: (B) Bikaner
The Rajasthani Academy is at Bikaner (1983). The Rajasthan Sahitya Academy (for Hindi) is at Udaipur.